爆破振动荷载作用下建（构）筑物的动力响应规律研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 22:20

本文选题：爆破振动荷载 + 建(构)筑物　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：爆破技术以其高效、经济的优点被普遍地用于各个领域,但所带来的负面效应也多,其中最为严重的是振动效应。爆破振动波传播到附近建(构)筑物后,会起建(构)筑物的位移、速度及应力等发生变化,带来一定的安全隐患。因此有必要对爆破振动荷载作用下建(构)筑物的位移、速度响应规律进行深入的研究。本文先对爆破振动波的形成、参数以及影响因素等方面进行全面的分析。然后再从建(构)筑物的结构特性入手,对爆破振动荷载作用下建(构)筑物发生共振的现象进行了理论分析,推导了单、多自由度体系建(构)筑物在爆破振动荷载作用下的振动方程,通过简化爆破振动荷载,获得了建(构)筑物的位移、速度曲线。以广东陆丰核电站的爆破开挖为工程背景,利用大型有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立灯塔模型,分析灯塔在爆破振动荷载作用下的位移、速度响应规律。数值分析表明,在单次爆破振动荷载作用下,灯塔在垂直向的位移、速度响应均大于水平向;多次循环爆破下,当爆破振动荷载较小时,灯塔不会遭到破坏,而爆破振动荷载达到一定值后,灯塔会遭到破坏。结合数值计算和爆破安全规程中的标准,提出在灯塔附近爆破时,灯塔的最大振动速度不超过V=4cm/s。现场监测数据表明,灯塔垂直向振动速度大于水平径向和切向,随灯塔测点的增高,振动速度增大,而振动频率有减小趋势。通过对现场监测数据分析,获得了爆破振动波的衰减公式和主频分布,提出了一些降振措施并用于现场实践,取得了良好的降振效果。同时,监测数据表明,爆破引起的灯塔最大振动速度未超过V(28)0.4 cm/s的安全值,灯塔未发生破坏。
[Abstract]:Blasting technology is widely used in various fields because of its high efficiency and economic advantages, but it brings many negative effects, the most serious of which is vibration effect.When the blasting vibration wave propagates to the nearby building, the displacement, velocity and stress of the building will change, which will bring some hidden danger to safety.Therefore, it is necessary to study the displacement and velocity response of the building under blasting vibration load.In this paper, the formation, parameters and influencing factors of blasting vibration wave are analyzed.Then, starting with the structural characteristics of the building, the resonance phenomenon of the building under blasting vibration load is analyzed theoretically, and the single structure is deduced.The vibration equation of multi-degree of freedom system under blasting vibration load is obtained. By simplifying the blasting vibration load, the displacement and velocity curves of the building are obtained.Based on the blasting excavation of Lufeng Nuclear Power Station in Guangdong Province, a lighthouse model was established by using the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and the displacement and velocity response of the lighthouse under blasting vibration load was analyzed.Numerical analysis shows that under the action of single blasting vibration load, the vertical displacement and velocity response of the lighthouse are all larger than that of the horizontal direction, and under repeated cyclic blasting, the lighthouse will not be damaged when the blasting vibration load is small.When the blasting vibration load reaches a certain value, the lighthouse will be destroyed.Combined with the numerical calculation and the standard of blasting safety code, it is proposed that the maximum vibration velocity of the lighthouse is less than 4 cm / s when it is blasted near the lighthouse.The field monitoring data show that the vertical vibration velocity of the lighthouse is larger than that of horizontal radial and tangential direction, and the vibration velocity increases and the vibration frequency decreases with the increase of the lighthouse measuring point.The attenuation formula and main frequency distribution of blasting vibration wave are obtained by analyzing the field monitoring data. Some measures for reducing vibration are put forward and applied to the field practice, and good vibration reduction effect is obtained.At the same time, the monitoring data show that the maximum vibration velocity caused by blasting is not higher than the safe value of V _ (28) 0. 4 cm/s, and the lighthouse has not been damaged.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM623

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