锂电池单体及电池组散热仿真及优化

发布时间：2018-04-13 20:48

本文选题：锂电池 + 热分析　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着新能源汽车的发展和国家对该产业大力支持,各类纯电动汽车将逐步取代传统汽车。锂离子电池由于具有功率和能量密度高、寿命长等优点,被广泛用于汽车动力电池组。但是锂电池在充放电过程中,电池的焦耳热、反应热效应等会产生大量的热量,由于动力电池组布置空间等的限制,容易造成散热条件较差,从而引起电池组热量的累积并导致温度上升,进而使电池工作环境变差而影响电池的性能,甚至引发危险。所以需要对动力电池组的散热结构进行设计和优化以满足电池组的散热要求。本课题对电池单体及电池箱的散热问题进行研究,以电池的最大温升,平均温度,温度方差等为目标对电池单体及电池箱的散热结构进行拓扑和优化。主要的研究内容如下:1)针对单体电池的散热结构,研究基于变密度法的拓扑原理及方法,使用COMSOL有限元软件,以冷板材料用量为约束,分别建立以最小平均温度和最小温度方差为目标的单体电池冷板散热结构拓扑模型,并比较两者结果,以得到最佳的冷板散热结构。2)针对电池箱的散热结构,建立基于液体冷却的电池组散热模型,使用FLUENT有限元软件计算极限工况下的电池组发热情况,并以最小平均温度和最小的电池温度均方差为目标,对电池液冷结构进行优化,以保持电池的温度在最佳的工作范围,提高电池温度的均匀性。3)建立散热器模型,将其与电池箱模型进行组合,并使用FLUENT模型进行瞬态仿真,以模拟散热器中冷却液及电池箱的温度变化情况,使电池箱散热模型更加接近实际的使用工况。
[Abstract]:With the development of new energy vehicles and the strong support of the country, all kinds of pure electric vehicles will gradually replace the traditional cars.Lithium ion batteries are widely used in automotive power batteries due to their high power and energy density, long life and so on.However, in the process of charging and discharging, the Joule heat and reaction heat effect of lithium battery will produce a lot of heat, because of the limitation of the layout space of the power battery, it is easy to cause the poor heat dissipation condition.It causes the accumulation of heat and the rise of temperature, which makes the working environment of the battery worse, which affects the performance of the battery and even causes danger.Therefore, it is necessary to design and optimize the heat dissipation structure of the power battery to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the battery pack.In this paper, the heat dissipation of the single battery and the battery box is studied. The topology and optimization of the heat dissipation structure of the cell and the battery box are carried out with the aim of the maximum temperature rise, average temperature and temperature variance of the battery.The main research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the heat dissipation structure of single cell, the topology principle and method based on variable density method are studied. The finite element software COMSOL is used and the amount of cold plate material is used as constraint.The topology models of single cell cooling plate heat dissipation structure with minimum mean temperature and minimum temperature variance are established, and the results of the two models are compared to obtain the best cooling plate heat dissipation structure. 2) the heat dissipation structure of the battery box is obtained.The heat dissipation model based on liquid cooling was established, and the heating of the battery was calculated by using FLUENT finite element software. The minimum mean temperature and the minimum cell temperature mean variance were taken as the goal to optimize the liquid cooling structure of the battery.In order to keep the temperature of the battery in the best working range and improve the uniformity of the battery temperature, the radiator model is established, which is combined with the battery box model, and the transient simulation is carried out by using the FLUENT model.In order to simulate the temperature change of the coolant and battery box in the radiator, the heat dissipation model of the battery box is closer to the actual working condition.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM912;U469.72

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