微电网并网运行优化调度策略及应用

发布时间：2018-04-16 09:24

本文选题：微电网 + 锂电池运行成本　；参考：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,新能源发电发展迅速,人们通过建立微电网优化调度方法来实现微网经济运行和微网内各可控单元的功率优化分配。然而,风、光等新能源出力具有波动性,基于历史数据的负荷预测也存在偏差,对单一时间尺度下的微电网优化调度策略而言,这些不确定性因素易造成微网调度计划备用不足或运行经济性变差等后果。所以,亟需建立考虑更为全面的微电网优化调度策略。本文首先介绍了光伏、锂电池、超级电容和燃料电池等分布式单元的特点、并网结构、工作原理与运行特性,总结了各分布式单元在微网层面中的处理方式;推导出锂电池运行成本函数,建立了锂电池和燃料电池的运行、维护成本数学模型;针对主从结构的微电网分别研究了并网和离网运行状态主控分布式电源的控制原理和控制方法,并且搭建了相应Simulink仿真模型。第二,研究了双层优化的数学模型和双层优化思想在微电网中的应用,建立基于负荷向量基的综合负荷模型,引入了鲁棒惩罚成本,考虑光伏和负荷功率预测值偏差的影响,建立了一种基于鲁棒性的微电网双层优化调度模型,使用LINGO软件编程完成了算例仿真,进行了结果分析,并分别分析了预测误差因数和需求侧响应模型对结果的影响。第三,以交流微电网为研究对象,提出了普适性的包含日前和日内两个阶段的多时间尺度微电网能量管理优化调度方案,将锂电池和超级电容不置于同一时间尺度下调用。在日前阶段,应用推出的锂电池运行成本函数,根据日前光伏预测与负荷预测,以总运行成本为目标函数进行功率优化分配,考虑了分时电价和光伏运行于MPPT和输出功率可控两种发电状态;在日内调度阶段,从经济性角度出发,根据功率波动调度分布式单元的运行,并且引入附加成本便于总运行成本的准确计算,便于进行几种多时间尺度优化调度方案的结果对比。并通过仿真分析验证了所提优化调度策略的合理性。根据本文第二部分建立的考虑鲁棒性的经济优化调度模型和第三部分建立的多时间尺度优化调度模型,对考虑不确定性的微网优化调度方法进行了对比分析。并且针对第三部分建立的调度策略,基于微电网实际运行需要,分别对日前和日内阶段进行了改进。最后,介绍了微电网实验室的物理结构、通讯架构和能量管理系统;基于第三部分建立的计及实验需求的改进的微电网多时间尺度经济优化调度策略,应用Qt Creator平台编写程序,完善能量管理系统中的控制功能,并且基于典型场景法实现微电网优化调度运行实验,实验结果验证了本文所提微电网优化调度方案的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of new energy power generation, people through the establishment of micro grid scheduling optimization method to realize the power distribution of each control unit economic operation of micro grid and micro network optimization. However, the wind, light and other new energy output volatility, load forecasting based on historical data also exists deviation, on a single time scale. Micro grid optimization scheduling strategy, these uncertainties caused by micro grid scheduling or lack of spare economy poor consequences. Therefore, considering the need to establish a more comprehensive micro grid scheduling strategy. This paper first introduces the characteristics of photovoltaic, lithium battery, super capacitor and fuel cell distributed unit the grid structure, working principle and operation characteristics, summed up the mode of the distributed processing unit in the micro level in the network; deduced the lithium battery operation cost function, a lithium battery and fuel cell The operation and maintenance cost mathematical model; for microgrid master-slave structure were studied from the grid and control principle and control method of the main control network running state of distributed power, and set up the corresponding Simulink simulation model. Second, the application of mathematical model of bilevel optimization and double optimization in micro grid, the establishment of a comprehensive load vector based model based on robust penalty cost, taking into account the influence of PV and load forecast value deviation, established a double micro grid scheduling model based on robustness, using LINGO software programming to complete the numerical simulation, the results are analyzed, and analyzed the prediction error factor and demand side response influence model to the result. In third, AC micro grid as the research object, put forward two stages of the universality of the day before and the days of the multi time scale micro Optimal scheduling scheme of energy management of power grid, the same time scale lithium batteries and super capacitors not under the call. In the previous stage, the lithium battery operation cost function application introduced, according to the day before the PV prediction and forecasting, with a total operating cost as the objective function of optimal power allocation, considering tou and PV running on the MPPT and the output power of two power controllable state; scheduling in the days of stage, from the perspective of the economy, according to the power fluctuation of distributed scheduling unit operation, and the introduction of additional cost for accurate calculation of total operation cost, easy to compare multiple time scale of several scheduling scheme optimization results and proved. Reasonable optimization scheduling strategy by simulation analysis. According to the second part of this paper is established considering the robustness of the economic dispatch model and the third part of the establishment of the multi time scale advantages Scheduling model, considering the uncertainty of the micro grid optimization scheduling methods are analyzed. And in the third part of the scheduling strategy is established, the actual operation of micro grid based on the need of the day before and days respectively stage is improved. Finally, the physical structure of the micro grid laboratory, communication architecture and energy management system improvement and experiment demand; the third part of the establishment of the micro grid multi time scale economic optimization scheduling strategy based on Creator platform, using Qt written procedures, improve the control function in energy management system, and realize the micro grid scheduling method based on the experimental scenario, the experimental results verify the validity of proposed microgrid optimal scheduling scheme and feasibility.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

【参考文献】