永磁同步电机风机驱动系统控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 07:51

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 无位置传感器技术　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机具有结构简单,功率密度高,控制效率高,易于控制等特点,在实际生活中被广泛应用于各个领域。特别是家电行业中,我们日常所需的风机逐渐开始使用永磁同步电机。因此,研究出一种永磁同步电机高效率,低成本的控制方案具有重要的意义。永磁同步电机位置传感器的安装降低了系统的可靠性,同时增加了电机成本和安装维护费用。为了降低成本,提高系统的可靠性,无位置传感器技术将是未来研究的重点。风机系统对控制器动态性能要求不苛刻,无位置传感器技术是其首选。本文将无位置传感器技术使用于永磁同步电机控制中,降低系统成本。系统以200W的表贴式永磁同步电机为研究对象,采用了新唐的NM1100芯片为控制核心结合无位置滑模观测器算法,设计了永磁同步电机的无位置控制系统。本毕业设计主要研究内容如下:(1)研究了永磁同步电机的矢量控制方法,并以永磁同步电机在三相静止坐标系下的数学模型为基础,通过矢量控制坐标变换原理建立了永磁同步电机在两相旋转d-q坐标系下的数学模型。(2)研究了永磁同步电机无位置传感器技术的启动策略,解决了永磁同步电机在低速情况下辨识度低的问题。预定位法解决了电机启动位置识别问题,二次定位解决了启动失败问题。为了解决低速下观测器无法观测问题,采用V/F控制提升电机转速。(3)论文分析了滑模变结构控制的理论,验证了其满足的条件。并以滑模变结构理论为基础,设计了滑模观测器。在MATLAB中对基于滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器系统进行了仿真,从得出的仿真波形验证了该系统的可行性。针对200W的风机设计了永磁同步电机的驱动系统硬件电路,并以NM1100为核心进行了软件算法编程。搭建了永磁同步电机的无位置传感器技术实验平台并测得实验波形,以实验波形为前提验证了系统的可靠性。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in many fields because of its simple structure, high power density, high control efficiency and easy control.Especially in household appliance industry, PMSM is gradually used in our daily fan.Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a control scheme of PMSM with high efficiency and low cost.The installation of permanent magnet synchronous motor position sensor reduces the reliability of the system and increases the cost of motor installation and maintenance.In order to reduce the cost and improve the reliability of the system, position sensorless technology will be the focus of future research.Fan system is not demanding to the dynamic performance of the controller, and position sensorless technology is the first choice.In this paper, position sensorless technology is applied to PMSM control to reduce system cost.This system takes 200W permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) as the research object, adopts the NM1100 chip of Xintang as the control core and the algorithm of no-position sliding mode observer, designs the position free control system of PMSM.The main contents of this graduation design are as follows: (1) the vector control method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied, and based on the mathematical model of PMSM in three-phase stationary coordinate system,The mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) in two-phase rotating d-q coordinate system is established by the principle of vector control coordinate transformation. The starting strategy of PMSM position sensorless technology is studied.The problem of low identification of PMSM at low speed is solved.Predefined position method solves the problem of motor starting position recognition, and secondary positioning solves the problem of startup failure.In order to solve the problem that the observer can not be observed at low speed, the theory of sliding mode variable structure control is analyzed by using V / F control to control the speed of the lifting motor.Based on the sliding mode variable structure theory, a sliding mode observer is designed.The sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) system based on sliding mode observer is simulated in MATLAB. The feasibility of the system is verified by the obtained simulation waveform.The drive system hardware circuit of PMSM is designed for 200W fan, and the software algorithm is programmed with NM1100 as the core.A position sensorless technology experiment platform of PMSM is built and the experimental waveform is measured. The reliability of the system is verified on the premise of the experimental waveform.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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