风光互补供电系统特性分析及控制策略

发布时间：2018-04-18 23:11

本文选题：风光电联供 + 特性分析　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球能源短缺和环境污染日益严重的双重压力下,各国都在积极探索开发新能源的使用。其中各种分布式能源的利用,比如太阳能发电技术和风力发电技术已经较为成熟且被广泛应用。各种基于风力发电和太阳能发电的分布式联合发电装置得到了不同程度的发展,比如风光储、风光柴储、光储分布式发电系统。本文建立的离网型风光互补联合供电系统,等同于孤岛运行的直流微电网。直流形式的风光互补联合供电系统发出的是直流电,与交流系统相比因不存在频率和相位控制的问题,系统的控制方法复杂度低,更易于实现。并且与交流系统相比,发出的电能质量更高且损耗低,因此直流系统更具有优势。由于太阳能和风能的随机性较大,产生的电能不稳定,为了充分发挥风光互补联合供电系统的优势,必须制定合适的控制策略。本文首先分析了风力机、光伏电池和蓄电池的工作原理和等效数学模型,并根据各部分的等效数学模型,用Matlab/Simulink搭建了永磁同步机风力发电模型、光伏阵列发电模型和蓄电池储能系统模型。仿真分析了风力机和光伏电池在不同工作条件下的输出特性,验证了仿真模型的正确性。其次,进一步完善了各部分的控制策略。通过机侧变流器控制实现了风力发电的最大功率跟踪。利用扰动观察法和恒压控制法分别实现了光伏阵列发电的最大功率跟踪和功率的按需输出。并分别建立仿真模型,验证最大功率跟踪效果。对于系统储能单元,首先介绍了双向Buck/Boost变换器充放电控制电路的相关理论,确定了储能系统的充放电控制策略,即恒压充电(放电)控制,并仿真了放电过程。同时,因为蓄电池成本较高,为了保护蓄电池,设定了蓄电池充放电的上下限。最后,在以上分模块建模的基础上,建立风光互补供电系统整体仿真模型,分析了系统的运行模式,进一步完善了控制策略,详细分析了系统处于相应能量管理运行模式下的具体工作状态。并设计了相应的仿真算例,验证系统模型的正确性和控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:Under the double pressure of global energy shortage and environmental pollution, many countries are actively exploring the use of new energy.The use of distributed energy, such as solar power generation and wind power generation technology, has been more mature and widely used.A variety of distributed combined power generation devices based on wind and solar power have been developed in different degrees, such as wind storage, wind-firewood storage and optical storage distributed generation system.The off-grid wind complementary combined power supply system established in this paper is equivalent to the isolated island DC microgrid.The DC wind complementary combined power supply system emits direct current. Compared with the AC system, the control method of the system is less complex and easier to realize because of the absence of frequency and phase control.Compared with AC system, DC system has higher power quality and lower loss, so DC system has more advantages.Due to the randomness of solar and wind energy and the instability of generated electric energy, in order to give full play to the advantages of wind and wind complementary power supply system, it is necessary to formulate appropriate control strategies.In this paper, the working principle and equivalent mathematical model of wind turbine, photovoltaic cell and battery are analyzed at first. According to the equivalent mathematical model of each part, the wind power generation model of permanent magnet synchronous machine is built with Matlab/Simulink.PV array generation model and battery energy storage system model.The output characteristics of wind turbine and photovoltaic cell under different operating conditions are analyzed and the correctness of the simulation model is verified.Secondly, the control strategy of each part is further improved.The maximum power tracking of wind power generation is realized by the control of machine side converter.The maximum power tracking and on-demand output of photovoltaic array generation are realized by perturbation observation method and constant voltage control method respectively.Simulation models are established to verify the maximum power tracking effect.For the energy storage unit of the system, the theory of charge / discharge control circuit of bidirectional Buck/Boost converter is introduced, and the charging and discharging control strategy of the energy storage system is determined, that is, the constant voltage charge (discharge) control, and the discharge process is simulated.At the same time, in order to protect the battery, the upper and lower limits of battery charge and discharge are set because of the high cost of battery.Finally, on the basis of the above sub-module modeling, the overall simulation model of wind power supply system is established, the operation mode of the system is analyzed, and the control strategy is further improved.The specific working state of the system under the corresponding energy management operation mode is analyzed in detail.A corresponding simulation example is designed to verify the correctness of the system model and the feasibility of the control strategy.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614;TM615

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