风力发电控制系统的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-04-23 21:48

本文选题：风力发电 + 最大功率追踪控制　；参考：《安徽工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着环境污染、能源匮乏等问题的日益显著,利用可再生能源发电已成为一种必然趋势。风能凭借其无污染、储量丰富的优点,成为可再生能源发电的一个重要发展方向,受到世界许多国家的关注。在风力发电系统中,大功率的变速恒频双馈风力发电系统以低成本,高效率等优点成为当今风力发电系统中的主流,中小功率的永磁同步风力发电系统得益于直驱技术的发展,凭借其机构简单、易维护的优点进入家庭式发电中,大大提高了风能的利用率。本文重点分析了两种不同功率等级风力发电技术的运行原理和控制策略,并提出了研究思路和实现方案。本文以风力发电系统为研究背景、最大功率追踪控制策略为研究对象,研究了双馈式发电机和直驱式永磁同步发电机两种不同风力发电系统的控制策略。论文的研究工作主要包括双馈发电系统与永磁同步发电系统的设计、控制系统的硬件设计以及整个数字控制系统的软件设计与程序编写。首先,实现了对双馈发电系统的功率解耦、电压定向矢量控制发电机的有功功率输出和并网运行。根据数学模型在Simulink MATLAB/软件中搭建出仿真模型进行仿真和结果分析。然后,永磁同步风力发电系统的主电路采用Boost升压电路,分析了几种基于最大功率追踪控制算法并进行比较,最终以扰动法最大功率追踪控制策略为基础,利用建立的数学模型在Simulink MATLAB/中进行仿真分析,比较了传统扰动法MPPT控制与改进型的功率转速扰动法MPPT控制的优缺点。其次,根据电路设计的原则,对永磁同步风力发电系统的硬件电路进行设计,并给出了主电路的设计参数与器件选取的方案,以及驱动电路、电压采样电路、电流采样电路、转速采样电路和ADC采样调理电路等辅助电路的设计与其器件的选取。利用数字控制器TMS320F2812DSP对所提出的控制策略加以实验验证,结合设计的数字控制程序的整体流程图,给出了基于TMS320F2812DSP数字控制的资源配置,外设的资源配置以及引脚的选择,完成了系统软件程序的设计与编写。最后,根据搭建的永磁同步风力发电系统的实验平台并进行实验验证。仿真和实验结果基本吻合理论分析结果,由此验证了本文提出的系统控制策略的合理性、有效性。
[Abstract]:With the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage becoming more and more obvious, the use of renewable energy to generate electricity has become an inevitable trend. Wind energy, with its advantages of non-pollution and abundant reserves, has become an important development direction of renewable energy power generation, and has attracted much attention from many countries in the world. In wind power system, high power variable speed constant frequency doubly-fed wind power generation system has become the mainstream of wind power generation system with the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. The medium and small power permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system has benefited from the development of direct-drive technology. By virtue of its simple and maintainable advantages, the utility of wind energy is greatly improved. In this paper, the operation principle and control strategy of two kinds of wind power generation technologies with different power levels are analyzed, and the research ideas and implementation schemes are put forward. Taking wind power system as the research background and the maximum power tracking control strategy as the research object, this paper studies the control strategies of two different wind power generation systems: doubly-fed generator and direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator. The research work mainly includes the design of doubly-fed generation system and permanent magnet synchronous generation system, the hardware design of the control system, the software design and programming of the whole digital control system. Firstly, the power decoupling of doubly-fed power generation system, the output of active power and grid-connected operation of voltage oriented vector control generator are realized. According to the mathematical model, the simulation model is built in Simulink MATLAB/ software for simulation and result analysis. Then, the main circuit of permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system adopts Boost boost circuit, analyzes and compares several control algorithms based on maximum power tracking, and finally takes the perturbation method as the basis of maximum power tracking control strategy. The established mathematical model is simulated in Simulink MATLAB/, and the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional MPPT control and the improved MPPT control are compared. Secondly, according to the principle of circuit design, the hardware circuit of permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system is designed, and the design parameters of main circuit and the scheme of device selection, as well as driving circuit, voltage sampling circuit, current sampling circuit, are given. The design of speed sampling circuit and ADC sampling conditioning circuit and the selection of its devices. The digital controller TMS320F2812DSP is used to verify the proposed control strategy. Combined with the overall flow chart of the designed digital control program, the resource allocation based on TMS320F2812DSP digital control, the resource allocation of peripheral devices and the selection of pins are given. The system software program is designed and written. Finally, the experiment platform of permanent magnet synchronous wind power generation system is built and verified. The simulation and experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis results, which verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed system control strategy.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM614

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