塔式太阳能与燃煤互补发电系统耦合机理及热力特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 20:19

本文选题：塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电 + 耦合机理　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：电力是社会发展的支柱,是国民经济的命脉之一。我国燃煤发电量占全口径发电量的70%左右,因此燃煤电站是我国电力行业乃至整个工业领域节能降耗的关键研究对象。我国燃煤发电技术已经达到世界先进水平,要想在现有燃煤发电技术基础上进一步节能减排,外部清洁能源成了重要突破口。太阳能热发电技术是利用聚焦太阳能热产生高温高压蒸汽进入汽轮机做功发电,这一发电原理与燃煤发电技术相似,且已得到商业化利用。太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统(简称:光煤互补发电系统)就是将太阳能热发电技术和燃煤发电技术相融合,利用太阳能热替代燃煤电站部分热源,达到降低煤耗或增大发电量的目的;通过太阳能热共享燃煤电站发电子单元,达到降低发电成本的目的;借助燃煤电站大容量、高参数和高稳定性等特点平抑外部不稳定太阳辐射资源对太阳能热发电过程的扰动,达到电能稳定输出的目的。本课题以塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统为研究对象,探索塔式太阳能热与燃煤电站的耦合机理和热力特性,通过建模仿真对塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统进行定量评价分析。课题开展的主要工作和取得的研究结论如下:首先,通过对塔式/槽式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统和燃煤发电系统传热分析,分别建立各系统静态/动态数学仿真模型,并验证模型的准确性及其在不同外部太阳辐射条件和电网电力调度等扰动下的静态及动态运行特性,再将太阳集热场系统和燃煤发电系统相集成,得到太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统模型,为后续研究提供模型基础。其次,对塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统进行传统?和先进?分析,研究互补系统的?损耗分布及成因,为课题的开展指明研究方向。互补系统各部件自身的?损耗远大于系统结构造成的?损耗,应先重点提高部件自身的热力性能降低自身?损耗,再优化外部系统结构,降低系统耦合结构对部件?损耗的影响;互补系统节能应主要从锅炉和塔式太阳集热场入手,通过降低锅炉和太阳集热场运行换热温差减少其?损耗,从而提高互补系统发电的?效率。再次,构建塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统太阳能贡献度评价方法,同时利用夹点分析和?分析方法对塔式太阳能热与燃煤电站的耦合方案进行归类、预判和评价,得出最优耦合方案。对该最优耦合方案系统进行年变工况运行热力特性分析,研究该互补系统在外部太阳直射辐射、电网电力调度和工质参数变化等扰动下的动态运行特性,并验证该最优耦合方案选取的正确性,为塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统最优耦合方案的选取提供一种择优方法。最后,利用商业电站实际采用的财务分析模型和互补电站全生命周期运行热力参数对塔式太阳能热与燃煤互补发电站进行财务分析,包括投资情况和收益情况等。对比塔式太阳能辅助燃煤发电站与单独太阳能热发电站和燃煤电站在财务方面的优势,并从发电成本的角度为光煤互补发电站上网电价政策的制定提供数据参考。
[Abstract]:Power is the backbone of social development and one of the lifeblood of the national economy. Coal power generation in China accounts for about 70% of the total power generation, so coal-fired power plants are the key research objects for energy saving and consumption reduction in the electric power industry and even the whole industrial field. On the basis of the operation, the energy saving and emission reduction and the external clean energy have become an important breakthrough. The solar thermal power generation technology uses the focused solar energy to generate the high temperature and high pressure steam into the steam turbine, which is similar to the coal-fired power generation technology and has been commercialized. The complementary power generation system is a combination of solar thermal power generation technology and coal-fired power generation technology, using solar heat to replace part of the heat source of coal-fired power plants, to reduce coal consumption or increase the power generation capacity. Through solar heat sharing coal power plant electronic units to reduce the cost of electricity, with the aid of large capacity and high parameters of coal-fired power stations. This subject takes the tower type solar assisted coal-fired power generation system as the research object, and explores the coupling mechanism and thermodynamic characteristics of the tower type solar heat and the coal-fired power plant, and through modeling and simulation to the tower. The main work of the project and the results obtained are as follows: first, through the analysis of the heat transfer of the tower / groove solar assisted coal-fired power system and the coal-fired power generation system, the static / dynamic mathematical simulation models of each system are established respectively, and the accuracy of the model is verified and the results are verified. It has the static and dynamic running characteristics under the disturbance of different external solar radiation conditions and power grid power dispatching, and then integrates the solar collector system with the coal-fired power generation system, and obtains the model of the solar assisted coal-fired power generation system, which provides the model foundation for the follow-up research. Secondly, the traditional tower type solar auxiliary coal-fired power generation system is traditional. And advanced? Analysis, study the loss distribution and cause of the complementarity system, and point out the research direction for the development of the subject. The loss of the components of the complementary system is far greater than that of the system structure. The thermal performance of the component itself should be improved to reduce the loss, optimize the external system structure, and reduce the coupling structure of the system. The energy saving of the complementary system should be mainly from the boiler and the tower type solar collector field, reducing the loss by reducing the heat transfer temperature difference between the boiler and the solar collector, thus improving the power generation efficiency of the complementary system. Thirdly, the evaluation method of solar contribution degree of the tower type solar assisted coal-fired power system is constructed, and the use clip is used simultaneously. The method of point analysis and analysis is used to classify the coupling scheme of the tower type solar energy heat and the coal-fired power plant. The optimal coupling scheme is obtained and the optimal coupling scheme is obtained. The thermodynamic characteristic analysis of the optimal coupling system is carried out for the operation of the external solar radiation, the power dispatching of the power grid and the change of the parameters of the working material. The dynamic characteristics of the dynamic operation are verified and the correctness of the optimal coupling scheme is verified. It provides an optimal method for the selection of the optimal coupling scheme for the tower type solar assisted coal-fired power generation system. Finally, the financial analysis model used by the commercial power station and the thermodynamic parameters of the full life cycle of the complementary power station are used for the tower type solar heat. The financial analysis of the coal-fired power station, including the investment situation and the income, compares the advantages of the tower type solar auxiliary power plant with the single solar thermal power plant and the coal-fired power plant, and provides the data reference for the formulation of the electricity price policy of the coal complementary power station from the angle of generation cost.

【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM61

【参考文献】