大型风电机组气动载荷控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-26 22:08

本文选题：风电机组 + 同步变桨距控制　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于化石燃料的滥用,全球性的气候恶化已经到了刻不容缓的地步,优化能源结构势在必行,大力发展作为清洁能源之一的风电可以有效地缓解当前环境问题。随着各国加大对风电技术研发的支持与资助,风电机组已经从最初的几十千瓦发展到现在的几兆瓦,海上风电的发展也是日新月异。随着机组容量越来越大,带来了新的技术难题,风轮直径的增大使其所承受的风切效应导致不平衡气动载荷急剧增大,将直接影响到风电机组的安全运行,因此解决这一问题迫在眉睫。本文选择国内某1.5MW的风电机组为研究对象,主要针对其额定发电工作区间的气动载荷进行研究。首先,在MATLAB/Simulink平台上建立了风电机组的实例模型;其次,针对该工作区间输出功率需稳定在额定功率附近的要求,设计了基于PID控制的同步变桨距控制策略、基于离散模糊控制的同步变桨距控制策略和基于改进离散模糊控制的同步变桨距控制策略;然后,通过对这三种同步变桨距控制策略仿真效果对比分析,确定以基于改进离散模糊控制的同步变桨距控制策略作为独立变桨距控制策略的设计基础;最后,为了抑制风轮的轴向气动载荷,本文专门设计了针对此载荷类型的基于桨叶方位角权系数分配的独立变桨距控制策略。仿真结果表明,当风电机组处于额定风速和切出风速之间时,基于改进离散模糊控制的同步变桨距控制策略在稳定风电机组的输出功率方面效果明显;基于桨叶方位角权系数分配的独立变桨距控制策略在稳定功率输出和抑制风轮轴向气动载荷方面具有较好的控制效果,这也直接证明了文章所提及控制策略的使用价值。
[Abstract]:Due to the abuse of fossil fuels, the global climate deterioration has reached a state of urgency. It is imperative to optimize the energy structure. Developing wind power as one of the clean energy sources can effectively alleviate the current environmental problems. With the increasing support and funding of wind power technology research and development, wind turbine has been developed from the initial tens of kilowatts to the present several megawatts, offshore wind power development is also changing with each passing day. As the capacity of the wind turbine becomes larger and larger, it brings new technical difficulties. The wind shear effect caused by the increase of the diameter of the wind turbine causes the unbalanced aerodynamic load to increase sharply, which will directly affect the safe operation of the wind turbine. Therefore, it is urgent to solve this problem. In this paper, a domestic 1.5MW wind turbine is chosen as the research object, and the aerodynamic load of its rated working area is studied. Firstly, an example model of wind turbine is established on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Secondly, the synchronous pitch control strategy based on PID control is designed to meet the requirement that the output power of the working area should be stabilized near the rated power. The synchronous pitch control strategy based on discrete fuzzy control and the synchronous pitch control strategy based on improved discrete fuzzy control are analyzed. The synchronous pitch control strategy based on improved discrete fuzzy control is chosen as the design basis of the independent variable pitch control strategy. Finally, in order to suppress the axial aerodynamic load of the wind turbine, In this paper, an independent pitch control strategy based on azimuth weight coefficient allocation for this load type is designed. The simulation results show that when the wind turbine is between the rated wind speed and the cut out wind speed, the synchronous pitch control strategy based on the improved discrete fuzzy control is effective in stabilizing the output power of the wind turbine. The independent pitch control strategy based on the azimuth weight coefficient of the blade has a good control effect in stabilizing power output and suppressing the axial aerodynamic load of the wind turbine, which directly proves the use value of the control strategy mentioned in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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