基于1000kV特高压交流输电线路的电磁环境研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 12:50

本文选题：1000kV特高压交流 + 电场强度　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为了实现能源的高效利用,逐步形成以电能为中心的能源格局,同时也应对越来越明显的能源资源与能源需求的逆向分布问题等,国家正大力建设特高压电网以满足社会发展的需求。特高压交流输电设备可能产生的电磁危害已经引起人们的关注与担忧。有许多学者对特高压交流输电设备可能造成的电磁辐射进行过研究。但是,选取的特高压交流输电线路模型简单,输电杆塔单一,与实际特高压交流输电工程有着较大差距;考虑特高压交流输电线路对人体的影响比较简单,多将人体看为一个求解域等。基于此,本文研究现行较多采用的特高压交流输电杆塔和改进的特高压交流输电杆塔线路附近的电磁环境变化规律,并作出电磁环境安全评估。论文基于现行的1000kV特高压交流输电工程,分析一些常见因素,如离地高度、相间距、线路分裂根数、线路排线方式、双回路相序和计及线路弧垂等因素对特高压交流输电线路周围工频电磁场分布的影响,同时对现行的1000kV特高压交流ZMP1猫头型输电杆塔线路和采用国家电网一些主要研究单位提出的紧凑型输电杆塔线路周围工频电场和工频磁场的分布情况进行比较分析。结合国内外权威期刊给出的人体尺寸与机体组织电磁参数,同时进行部分验证,构建贴近实际的人体模型。研究1000kV特高压交流ZMP1猫头型和紧凑型输电杆塔线路在长年常见的天气情况下计及实际弧垂线路以及经过具有典型高度差区域的线路下方的人体附近和人体内部,包括人体躯干和人体头部的头皮、颅骨、脑组织以及脑组织中的头部中枢神经系统等的电场强度、电流密度和磁感应强度分布规律,并对几种仿真计算结果进行对比分析。对于电磁辐射安全,与国际通用的ICNIRP(International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection,国际非电离辐射防护委员会)导则中的职业人员限值和普通民众限值标准进行比较,作出电磁辐射安全评估,并给出防护建议。结果表明:我国目前的1000kV特高压交流输电线路,对位于其附近的人体中产生的电场强度、电流密度较大值部分主要集中于人体的机体组织连接处以及腿部。现行的ZMP1猫头型1000kV特高压交流输电杆塔线路在人体内产生的电场强度和磁感应强度没有超过ICNIRP导则中普通民众限值,电流密度则在人体组织连接处与腿部存在超出ICNIRP普通民众限值的风险,但没有超过ICNIRP导则中的职业人员限值。而采用紧凑型输电杆塔的1000kV特高压交流输电线路能较大地降低在人体中产生的电场强度、电流密度和磁感应强度。对于在1000kV特高压交流ZMP1猫头型输电杆塔线路附近的普通民众,应注意对身体组织关节处以及腿部的电磁辐射防护。
[Abstract]:In order to realize the efficient use of energy and gradually form the energy pattern centered on electric energy, the reverse distribution of energy resources and energy demand is becoming more and more obvious. The country is vigorously building UHV power grids to meet the needs of social development. The possible electromagnetic hazard caused by UHV AC transmission equipment has attracted people's attention and concern. Many scholars have studied the possible electromagnetic radiation caused by UHV AC transmission equipment. However, the selected UHV AC transmission line model is simple, the transmission tower is single, and there is a big gap between the UHV AC transmission line and the actual UHV AC transmission project, and the influence of UHV AC transmission line on human body is relatively simple. Look at the human body as a solution field and so on. Based on this, this paper studies the electromagnetic environment variation law around the UHV AC transmission tower and the improved UHV AC transmission tower, and makes the electromagnetic environment safety assessment. Based on the current 1000kV UHV AC transmission project, this paper analyzes some common factors, such as height from the ground, phase spacing, line splitting root number, line arrangement, The influence of phase sequence and phase sequence of double loop on the distribution of power frequency electromagnetic field around UHV AC transmission line considering the sag of transmission line, At the same time, the distribution of power frequency electric field and power frequency magnetic field around the current 1000kV UHV AC ZMP1 cat head transmission tower line and the compact transmission tower line proposed by some main research units of State Grid are compared and analyzed. Combining the size of human body and the electromagnetic parameters of organism tissue given by authoritative journals at home and abroad at the same time some verification is carried out to construct the human body model which is close to the actual situation. In this paper, 1000kV UHV AC ZMP1 cat head and compact transmission tower lines are studied, which take into account the actual sag line and the human body under the line passing through the typical height difference area under the usual weather conditions for many years. The electric field intensity, current density and magnetic induction intensity distribution of the scalp, skull, brain tissue and the head central nervous system in the human torso and human head are included. The results of several simulation calculations are compared and analyzed. The safety of electromagnetic radiation is compared with the occupational limit in the guidelines of ICNIRP(International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection. the International Committee on Non-Ionizing radiation Protection and the standard of limit for ordinary people. The safety of electromagnetic radiation is evaluated and some protection suggestions are given. The results show that the current density of the current 1000kV UHV AC transmission line is mainly focused on the tissue junction and the legs of the human body for the electric field intensity generated in the human body located near the current UHV AC transmission line. The current ZMP1 cat head 1000kV UHV AC transmission tower line produces no more electric field intensity and magnetic induction intensity in the human body than the ordinary people's limit in the ICNIRP guidelines. On the other hand, there is a risk that the current density will exceed the ICNIRP limit for the general public at the junction of human tissue and legs, but not above the limit for professional personnel in the ICNIRP guidelines. The 1000kV UHV AC transmission line with compact transmission tower can greatly reduce the electric field intensity, current density and magnetic induction intensity produced in human body. For the ordinary people in the vicinity of the 1000kV UHV AC ZMP1 cat head transmission tower line, the electromagnetic radiation protection should be paid attention to at the joints of the body tissue and the legs.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM75

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