低振动噪声正弦绕组永磁同步电机研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 16:44

本文选题：低振动低噪声 + 永磁同步电机　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：机械化、自动化的日益发展给人们工作生活制造便利的同时,不可避免地带来噪声污染。如今,电机被普遍应用于人们日常生活以及工作生产中。为解决电机噪声污染问题,很多学者提出了各种电机减振降噪方案。在永磁同步电机(PMSM)噪声抑制研究方面主要分为三类:模态研究、结构优化、控制方案优化。这些方法都在一定程度上降低了电机噪声,但仍未取得较理想的效果。本文研究的低振动噪声正弦绕组电机是一种新结构的PMSM。该电机采用的正弦绕组、双层转子形式可以显著降低电机电磁噪声。本文对该电机结构展开了深入的研究,主要研究工作包括以下几个方面:首先对本文电机结构进行了方案论证。通过解析计算,建立了考虑齿槽存在时电机磁路结构模型;对正弦绕组与普通绕组性能进行了对比;以低振动低噪声为原则,分析了一种采用正弦绕组、双层转子结构的低振动噪声PMSM的基本工作原理,并建立了电机二维有限元仿真模型。其次对电机磁场及径向电磁力进行了仿真计算。在空载和负载两种工况下,对本文设计的PMSM进行了有限元仿真,对气隙磁场的正弦性进行了验证,同时对径向电磁力空间、时间谐波成分进行了分析,总结了本文电机径向电磁力波的分布规律。再次仿真计算了电机结构模态。建立了双层转子系统、绕组与双层转子系统以及整机系统的有限元分析模型并对其进行了模态仿真,提取了模态振型与对应的模态频率。对绕组与双层转子系统以及整机系统模态频率进行了对比,得到了刚度与质量对模态频率的影响规律,并探讨了发生共振的可能性。最后分析计算了本文研究电机振动性能。采用ANSYS仿真软件对电机进行瞬态动力学分析,以Ansoft有限元仿真软件中计算得到的电机径向电磁力作为振动激励源,求取了电机表面径向、切向振动位移。并对径向振动位移进行了频谱分析。求得电机辐射声压级,验证了本文所研究的新结构PMSM在降低电机振动与噪声方面的有效性。
[Abstract]:With the increasing development of mechanization and automation, it is inevitable to bring noise pollution while making people's work and life convenient. Nowadays, motor is widely used in people's daily life and work production. In order to solve the problem of motor noise pollution, many scholars put forward a variety of vibration and noise reduction schemes. The research on PMSM noise suppression of PMSM is divided into three categories: modal study, structure optimization and control scheme optimization. These methods can reduce the motor noise to a certain extent, but still have not achieved satisfactory results. The low vibration sinusoidal winding motor studied in this paper is a new structure PMSM. The sinusoidal winding and double-layer rotor can significantly reduce the electromagnetic noise of the motor. In this paper, the structure of the motor is deeply studied, the main research work includes the following aspects: firstly, the scheme of the motor structure is demonstrated. Through analytical calculation, the magnetic circuit structure model of motor considering the existence of tooth slot is established, the performances of sinusoidal winding and ordinary winding are compared, and a kind of sinusoidal winding is analyzed based on the principle of low vibration and low noise. The basic principle of low vibration noise PMSM of double-layer rotor structure is presented, and the two-dimensional finite element simulation model of motor is established. Secondly, the magnetic field and radial electromagnetic force of the motor are simulated. The PMSM designed in this paper is simulated by finite element method under both no-load and load conditions, and the sinusoidal property of air-gap magnetic field is verified. At the same time, the radial electromagnetic force space and time harmonic components are analyzed. The distribution law of radial electromagnetic force wave of motor is summarized in this paper. The structural modes of the motor are simulated and calculated again. The finite element analysis model of the two-layer rotor system windings and double-layer rotor system and the whole machine system are established and the modal simulation is carried out. The modal modes and the corresponding modal frequencies are extracted. The effects of stiffness and mass on the modal frequency are obtained by comparing the modal frequencies of windings with two-layer rotor systems and the whole machine system. The possibility of resonance is discussed. Finally, the vibration performance of the motor is analyzed and calculated. The transient dynamic analysis of the motor is carried out by using the ANSYS simulation software. The radial electromagnetic force of the motor calculated in the Ansoft finite element simulation software is used as the vibration excitation source, and the radial and tangential vibration displacement of the motor surface is obtained. The frequency spectrum of radial vibration displacement is analyzed. The radiated sound pressure level of the motor is obtained, which verifies the effectiveness of the new structure, PMSM, in reducing the vibration and noise of the motor.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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