纳米多孔金属膜基超级电容器研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 15:27

本文选题：超级电容器 + 赝电容器　；参考：《天津工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：超级电容器由于其安全性高.功率密度大,充放电速度快和寿命长等优点而成为储能领域的研究热点。根据储能机理超级电容器分为两类:双电层电容器和赝电容电容器。双电层电容器主要以高比表面积碳材料作为电极材料,赝电容电容器主要以具有快速氧化还原反应的金属氧化物和欠电位沉积的导电高聚物作为电极材料。由于存储机制的不同,赝电容电容器比电容远远高于双电层电容器,成为新型储能器件。电极材料是影响赝电容器电容的主要因素。目前,对赝电容电容器电极材料的研究主要集中在具有较大应用前景且资源丰富的过渡金属氧化物,如 NiO,Co2O3,MnO2 等。本文研究了三明治结构Ni20Co10Mn70//Ni//Ni20Co10Mn70复合合金箔通过脱合金-极化处理制备的复合电极的电化学性能。考察了复合板,活性层厚度和制备条件对电化学性能的影响。研究发现:通过引入中间集流体层,NiCoMn合金基复合电极的倍率性能获得了极大提高,当电流密度从1 A cm~(-3)提高到7 A cm~(-3),比容量保持在80%以上,同时中间层的引入解决了纳米多孔金属脆性大,可应用性差的缺陷,使复合电极具备了很好的柔韧性和可加工性,为自动化生产提供了前提条件。当复合电极箔厚度为110 μm时,电极的比电容为686.8 F cm~(-3),能量密度可达46.59 mWh cm~(-3),较高的比容量和能量密度说明此电极具有很好的应用前景。为进一步降低材料成本本文进一步研究了 Cu掺杂对NiCoMn合金电化学性能的影响。实验以Ni20Co5Cu10Mn70,Ni20Co10Cu5Mn70为基体,通过电化学腐蚀和电化学极化制备出具有纳米多孔结构的电极材料。对制备的电极材料也进行了充放电,交流阻抗等电化学测试和表征。研究表明Ni20Co5Cu10Mn70基体制备的电极材料具有更好的导电能力和更宽的电压窗口,但是在电流密度1 Acm~(-3)时比电容和电流密度分别为194.9F cm~(-3)和12.76m Wh cm~(-3)。np-Ni10Co5Cu5Mn70在电流密度1 cm~(-3)比电容和能量密度分别为266.5 F cm~(-3)和16.32 mWh cm~(-3)。
[Abstract]:Supercapacitors are safe because of their high safety. The advantages of high power density, fast charge and discharge speed and long life have become the research hotspot in the field of energy storage. According to the energy storage mechanism, supercapacitors can be classified into two categories: double layer capacitors and pseudo-capacitor capacitors. Double layer capacitors are mainly made of carbon materials with high specific surface area, and pseudo-capacitor capacitors are mainly made of metal oxides with rapid redox reaction and conductive polymers deposited by underpotential deposition as electrode materials. Due to the difference of storage mechanism, the specific capacitance of pseudo-capacitor capacitor is much higher than that of double-layer capacitor, so it becomes a new type of energy storage device. Electrode material is the main factor affecting the capacitance of pseudo-capacitor. At present, the research on the electrode materials of pseudo-capacitor capacitors is mainly focused on transition metal oxides, such as nio Co _ 2O _ 3, MNO _ 2 and so on, which have great application prospects and are rich in resources. The electrochemical properties of sandwich structure Ni20Co10Mn70//Ni//Ni20Co10Mn70 composite gold foil prepared by dealloying and polarization treatment were studied. The effects of the thickness of the composite plate, the thickness of the active layer and the preparation conditions on the electrochemical properties were investigated. It is found that the performance of the composite electrode based on NiCoMn alloy is greatly improved when the current density is increased from 1 A cm ~ (-1) to 7 A cm ~ (- 3), and the specific capacity of the composite electrode is maintained at more than 80% when the current density is increased from 1 A / cm ~ (-3) to 7 A / cm ~ (-3). At the same time, the introduction of interlayer solves the defects of high brittleness and poor applicability of nano-porous metal, which makes the composite electrode have good flexibility and processability, and provides the precondition for automatic production. When the thickness of the composite electrode is 110 渭 m, the specific capacitance of the electrode is 686.8 F / cm ~ (-3) and the energy density is up to 46.59 mWh / cm ~ (-3). The higher specific capacity and energy density indicate that the electrode has a good application prospect. In order to further reduce the material cost, the effect of Cu doping on the electrochemical properties of NiCoMn alloy was further studied. The electrode materials with nano-porous structure were prepared by electrochemical corrosion and electrochemical polarization using Ni20Co5Cu10Mn70 and Ni20Co10Cu5Mn70 as the substrate. The electrode materials were also characterized by charge and discharge, AC impedance and other electrochemical measurements. The results show that the electrode material prepared by Ni20Co5Cu10Mn70 substrate has better conductivity and wider voltage window. But the specific capacitance and current density are 194.9 F cm-1 and 12.76mWh cm~(-3).np-Ni10Co5Cu5Mn70 at current density 1 cm ~ (-3), respectively, and the specific capacitance and energy density are 266.5 F / cm ~ (-3) and 16.32 mWh / cm ~ (-3), respectively.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM53

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