基于三相容错逆变器的PMSM控制器设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-30 08:44

本文选题：永磁同步电动机 + 三相容错逆变器　；参考：《济南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电动机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,简称PMSM)具有体积小、效率高、功率密度大、调速范围宽及动态响应速度快的特点,因而在交通行业、工商行业等领域的应用越来越广泛。随着其应用行业的扩展,特别是在一些至关重要的场合,PMSM驱动系统的安全可靠性受到越来越多的重视。PMSM矢量控制系统采用逆变器提供驱动电流,由于电力电子器件自身的脆弱性,可能会导致逆变器故障的时常发生。控制系统会把逆变器与电动机当作一个统一的整体进行控制,当逆变器出现故障时表示出整个速度控制系统失去了运行能力,正因如此对逆变器故障时控制系统的容错运行方式进行深入研究很有必要。本文首先在阅读文献和资料的基础上,对经常出现的逆变器故障类型进行了分析,总结了故障产生的特点,并设计了相应的容错控制策略。其次,调研芯片厂商的技术文档并设计了PMSM容错控制系统的软硬件。最后在实验平台上进行了实现,获得了良好的控制性能。本文完成的主要工作如下:第一,建立PMSM的数学模型,并分别在三相静止坐标系、αβ静止坐标系、dq旋转坐标系下对定子电压、电流以及磁链方程的模型进行分析,研究了以坐标变换为基础的PMSM的矢量控制以及空间电压矢量调制。第二,研究了逆变器故障下的数学模型,针对PMSM驱动系统单相故障设计了基于四开关逆变器的容错控制策略,对相电压在开关管不同开关情况下进行推导,重新定义了三相四开关下的空间电压矢量,并推导出新的开关表,采用电容补偿方案优化了系统性能,最后对系统从三相六开关到三相四开关的切换运行进行了实验研究,并用Matlab对运行方式进行了仿真,验证系统可行性。第三,分析了不同控制器的实现方法,根据各种方法的优缺点,确定了基于容错逆变器的PMSM控制器的实现方案,并根据方案对控制器进行了软硬件设计,在所搭建的实验平台上进行试验,对控制器整体进行了调试,在逆变器处于正常运行和故障运行的情况下对控制器进行试验,并得到相应的数据,证明了本文的控制方案在实际应用中有一定的可行性。
[Abstract]:Permanent Magnet synchronous Motor (PMSM) is widely used in transportation industry, industry and commerce because of its small size, high efficiency, high power density, wide speed range and fast dynamic response. With the expansion of its application industry, especially in some important occasions, the safety and reliability of PMSM drive system has been paid more and more attention. PMSM vector control system uses inverter to provide driving current. Because of the vulnerability of power electronic devices, inverter faults may occur frequently. The control system controls the inverter and the motor as a unified whole. When the inverter fails, it shows that the whole speed control system has lost its running capability. Therefore, it is necessary to study the fault-tolerant operation mode of inverter fault control system. In this paper, based on the literature and data, the common fault types of inverter are analyzed, the characteristics of fault generation are summarized, and the corresponding fault-tolerant control strategy is designed. Secondly, the software and hardware of PMSM fault-tolerant control system are designed. Finally, it is implemented on the experimental platform, and good control performance is obtained. The main work of this paper is as follows: first, the mathematical model of PMSM is established, and the stator voltage, current and flux chain equations are analyzed in three-phase stationary coordinate system and 伪尾 stationary coordinate system in DQ rotating coordinate system. The vector control and space voltage vector modulation of PMSM based on coordinate transformation are studied. Secondly, the mathematical model of inverter fault is studied. The fault-tolerant control strategy based on four-switch inverter is designed for single-phase fault of PMSM drive system, and the phase voltage is deduced under different switching conditions. The space voltage vector under three-phase four-switch is redefined, and a new switching table is deduced. The performance of the system is optimized by using capacitive compensation scheme. Finally, the switching operation of the system from three-phase six-switch to three-phase four-switch is studied experimentally. The operation mode is simulated with Matlab to verify the feasibility of the system. Thirdly, the realization methods of different controllers are analyzed. According to the advantages and disadvantages of various methods, the implementation scheme of PMSM controller based on fault-tolerant inverter is determined, and the hardware and software of the controller are designed according to the scheme. The whole controller is debugged on the experimental platform, and the controller is tested under the condition that the inverter is in normal operation and fault operation, and the corresponding data are obtained. It is proved that the control scheme in this paper is feasible in practical application.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341;TM464

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