基于电动汽车负荷的风力发电有效载荷能力计算评估

发布时间：2018-05-05 14:25

本文选题：电动汽车 + 风力发电　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家十三五规划的持续推进,我国经济高速发展,社会不断进步,科技水平日益昌盛。在这样繁荣的大环境下,人民的生产和生活方式也日新月异,导致人们生产活动与生活对资源以及能源的需求也在持续增加,也就给生态和生活环境造成了巨大压力。与此同时全球能源危机和环境问题的日益突出,因此更加凸显了我国可持续发展战略的重要性。风力发电等新能源开始投入运用并普及,电动汽车等新型交通工具走进千家万户。与传统能源相比,可再生能源出力的随机性和间歇性增加对电网的稳定性和可靠性等方面带来了新的挑战,同时电动汽车负荷也使得电网可靠性承受更大的负担。因此,不仅要对有电动汽车接入的传统电网进行可靠性评估,也要进一步研究风电场对含电动汽车充电负荷的电力系统可靠性的贡献。本文首先建立起电动汽车的充电负荷模型。考虑电动汽车充电的几种影响因素,利用统计学原理,拟合得到电动汽车开始补充电能的时刻的概率密度曲线,运动距离的概率密度曲线。根据电动汽车电池的充电特性,以及汽车的行驶特点求,采用蒙特卡洛模拟法计算和绘制出电动汽车充电功率曲线。从而了解充电负荷的基本特点以及对系统的影响。介绍了几种风速模型以及风力发电机的基本原理,根据实际测量的全年风速数据,结合风电机的出力特性,计算并建立了风电机组的出力模型。以IEEE-RTS79测试系统为平台,建立起含风力发电场和电动汽车负荷的电力系统可靠性模型。采用基于序贯抽样原理的蒙特卡洛模拟法,对电动汽车负荷接入的电力系统可靠水平进行计算,并分别考察了,电动汽车,风力发电以及二者同时存在的情况下对电力系统可靠性的影响。定义了一种基于电动汽车负荷的风力发电有效载荷能力,考察同一可靠性水平下,风电场装机容量和电动汽车充电负荷的匹配情况。为了充分发挥风力发电的作用,保证电力系统可靠性的基础上,进一步提升基于电动汽车负荷的载荷能力。在电动汽车技术不断进步并投入使用的背景下引入了 V2G(vehicles-to-grid)技术的概念以及V2G管理系统。概括并阐述了 V2G技术的基本原理,在V2G模式的基础上,阐明对电动汽车充电行为进行控制的可能性。在此基础上,提出并试验了考虑风电出力特性的电动汽车充电负荷曲线。目的是使电动汽车充电功率保证实际需求的情况下,与风力发电协同匹配,进一步提高风电利用率,实现电动汽车与新能源发电协调发展。经过计算,并将结果进行对比和评估,可以看出,基于风电出力特性的控制策略能够提高含风电场及电动汽车的电力系统可靠性,并增强风电场对电动汽车的有效载荷能力。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan, China's economy is developing rapidly, society is progressing and the level of science and technology is flourishing day by day. In such a prosperous environment, people's way of production and life are changing with each passing day, which leads to the increasing demand for resources and energy for people's production activities and daily life, which has caused great pressure to the ecology and living environment. At the same time, the global energy crisis and environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, which highlights the importance of sustainable development strategy in China. Wind power and other new sources of energy began to be used and popularized, electric vehicles and other new vehicles into thousands of households. Compared with the traditional energy sources, the randomness and intermittency of the renewable energy sources bring new challenges to the stability and reliability of the power grid, and the load of electric vehicles also makes the power grid reliability bear a greater burden. Therefore, it is necessary not only to evaluate the reliability of the traditional electric network connected with electric vehicles, but also to further study the contribution of wind farms to the reliability of electric power system with electric vehicle charging load. In this paper, the charging load model of electric vehicle is established. Considering several influencing factors of electric vehicle charging, the probability density curve and the probability density curve of moving distance are obtained by using the statistical principle when the electric vehicle begins to replenish the electric energy. According to the charging characteristics of electric vehicle battery and the driving characteristics of electric vehicle, Monte Carlo simulation method is used to calculate and draw the charging power curve of electric vehicle. In order to understand the basic characteristics of the charge load and the impact on the system. This paper introduces several wind speed models and the basic principles of wind turbines. According to the wind speed data measured throughout the year and combined with the characteristics of wind motors, the generating force model of wind turbines is calculated and established. Based on IEEE-RTS79 test system, the reliability model of electric power system with wind farm and electric vehicle load is established. Using Monte Carlo simulation method based on sequential sampling principle, the reliability level of electric vehicle load access power system is calculated. The influence of wind power generation and the existence of both on the reliability of power system. The payload capacity of wind power generation based on electric vehicle load is defined, and the matching of installed capacity of wind farm and charging load of electric vehicle under the same reliability level is investigated. In order to give full play to the role of wind power generation and ensure the reliability of power system, the load capacity based on electric vehicle load is further improved. The concept of V2G vehicle to gridd technology and the V2G management system are introduced in the background of the continuous progress and application of electric vehicle technology. The basic principle of V2G technology is summarized and expounded. On the basis of V2G mode, the possibility of controlling the charging behavior of electric vehicle is expounded. On this basis, the charging load curve of electric vehicle considering wind power output characteristics is proposed and tested. The purpose of this paper is to make the electric vehicle charge power guarantee the actual demand, to match with the wind power generation, to further improve the utilization ratio of wind power, and to realize the coordinated development of electric vehicle and new energy generation. Through calculation, comparison and evaluation of the results, it can be seen that the control strategy based on wind power output characteristics can improve the reliability of electric power system with wind farm and electric vehicle, and enhance the payload capacity of wind farm to electric vehicle.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614

【参考文献】