基于高频方波注入和滑模观测器的永磁同步电机无位置传感器控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 15:19

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 无位置传感器　；参考：《江苏科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,PMSM)具有体积小、运行可靠性和性能好等优点,所以在工业制造、交通运输和家用电器等很多领域得到越来越普及的应用。其中无位置传感器的控制技术一贯都是PMSM控制方面的热门研究。为此,本文结合无位置传感器控制的需求和实践经历,以内埋式永磁同步电机(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,IPMSM)为研究目标,对其中的控制技术进行研究。本文首先通过研究目前PMSM的数学模型,将PMSM控制中的矢量控制、恒定气隙磁链控制以及直接转矩控制的技术性能进行分析与对比,对PMSM的控制策略进行设计,采用0di=的转速为外环,电流为内环的双闭环矢量控制策略。然后结合实际需求和控制要求,针对电机运行于低速时反电动势不易检测的问题,采用高频信号注入法检测电机转子位置,鉴于传统的高频信号注入法在处理过程中用到较多的滤波器影响系统响应这一点,对它进行改进,采用高频方波电压信号注入法实现对转子位置信息的检测,从综合性能比较来看,高频方波的控制效果更好。在中、高速运行时采用滑模观测器的PMSM无位置传感器控制方法,对包含有位置信息的反电动势进行提取,采用锁相环来实现转子位置检测,并对滑模面的开关切换函数进行改进,以减弱滑模变结构固有的抖振现象。最终,本文采用上述研究的控制方法,在MATLA/SIMULINK仿真软件中,完成了基于高频方波注入和滑模观测器的PMSM无位置传感器控制系统的仿真建模。仿真运行并将高频注入和滑模观测器改进前后的仿真结果进行对比。运行结果对比表明了本文设计的PMSM无位置传感器控制系统能够达到控制的要求,能够稳定运行,且效果较好。
[Abstract]:Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has the advantages of small size, high reliability and good performance, so it has been widely used in many fields such as industrial manufacture, transportation, home appliances and so on. Position sensorless control technology has always been a hot research in PMSM control. In this paper, based on the requirement and practice of sensorless control, the interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous motor (IPMSM) is studied. Firstly, by studying the mathematical model of PMSM at present, the paper analyzes and compares the technical performance of vector control, constant air gap flux control and direct torque control in PMSM control, and designs the control strategy of PMSM. A double closed loop vector control strategy is adopted in which the speed of 0 di= is an outer loop and the current is an inner loop. Then according to the actual demand and control requirements, the high frequency signal injection method is used to detect the rotor position of the motor, aiming at the problem that the back EMF is difficult to detect when the motor is running at low speed. In view of the fact that the traditional high frequency signal injection method uses more filters to affect the response of the system, it is improved, and the high frequency square wave voltage signal injection method is used to detect the rotor position information. From the comprehensive performance comparison, the control effect of high frequency square wave is better. The PMSM sensorless control method based on sliding mode observer is used to extract the backEMF with position information, and the phase-locked loop is used to detect the rotor position. The switching function of sliding mode surface is improved to reduce the inherent chattering phenomenon of sliding mode variable structure. Finally, the simulation modeling of PMSM sensorless control system based on high frequency square wave injection and sliding mode observer is completed in the MATLA/SIMULINK simulation software by using the control method mentioned above. The simulation results before and after the improvement of high frequency injection and sliding mode observer are compared. The operation results show that the PMSM sensorless control system designed in this paper can meet the requirements of control, can run stably and has a good effect.
【学位授予单位】：江苏科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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