富锂层状氧化物正极材料:结构、容量产生机理及改性

发布时间：2018-05-13 22:30

  本文选题：富锂层状氧化物 + 阳离子排布　； 参考：《化学进展》2017年04期

【摘要】：锂离子电池作为新型的储能形式,缓解了人们对化石燃料的依赖和日益严峻的环境压力。富锂层状氧化物相比于传统正极材料,由于其低成本和大可逆容量的特性,被誉为最具发展潜力的下一代锂离子电池正极材料之一,尤其是在电动汽车和大规模储能电网领域的应用前景十分广阔。本文从材料的结构类型出发,主要介绍了固溶体结构和复合结构在晶格排布上的差异以及在鉴别这种差异时所采用的一系列表征手段。本文还总结了近年来提出的最具代表性的几种4.5V电压平台产生机理,从不同角度解释了富锂层状氧化物在首次循环过程中表现出异常容量的现象,并结合现有研究阐述了各种机理。此外,也对阻碍富锂层状氧化物进一步发展的重大问题,包括首次不可逆容量损失、循环性能和倍率性能等进行了分析,讨论了表面尖晶石相对材料性能的影响,介绍了几种最典型的改性手段。最后,对富锂层状氧化物正极材料未来的研究方向进行了概述,展望其研究前景。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage, lithium ion batteries relieve people's dependence on fossil fuels and increasingly severe environmental pressure. Compared with traditional cathode materials, layered oxides rich in lithium are regarded as one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries because of their low cost and large reversible capacity. Especially in the field of electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage grid applications are very broad. Based on the structural types of the materials, the differences between the structure of solid solution and the composite structure in lattice arrangement and a series of characterization methods used to identify the differences are introduced in this paper. This paper also summarizes the generation mechanism of the most representative 4.5V voltage platform proposed in recent years, and explains from different angles the abnormal capacity of the lithium rich layered oxide during the first cycle. Combined with existing studies, various mechanisms are expounded. In addition, some important problems that hinder the further development of Li-rich layered oxides, including the first irreversible loss of capacity, cyclic performance and ratio performance, are also analyzed. The effect of surface spinel on material properties is also discussed. Several typical modification methods are introduced. Finally, the future research direction of lithium-rich layered oxide cathode materials is summarized, and its research prospect is prospected.
【作者单位】： 东北大学冶金学院;东北大学辽宁省冶金传感器及技术重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51274057,51474057)资助~~
【分类号】：O646.54;TM912
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本文编号：1885118