甲胺铅碘钙钛矿太阳能电池薄膜制备工艺的研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 09:14

本文选题：有机铅卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池 + 甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜　；参考：《长春理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,有机金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池由于潜在的科研和商用价值,得到广泛关注。有机金属卤化物钙钛矿薄膜层,不仅可以充当活性层吸收光能,还具备传输空穴和电子的能力。人们发现了多种制备高质量有机金属卤化物钙钛矿薄膜的方法,其中一步溶液法由于操作简单,应用比较普遍。本文采用一步溶液法在不同比例共混下制备甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜,并研究了不同条件下薄膜的物理和化学性质。主要内容如下:(1)不同比例共混制备甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜及性能表征。一步法制备碘化铅(Pb I2)与碘甲胺(CH3NH3I)摩尔比分别为1:1,1:1.5和1:2的甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜,发现薄膜具有相同的吸收边带,结晶性也相似。与等摩尔比共混的薄膜相比,碘甲胺过量时,晶体的尺寸较大。摩尔比为1:1时晶体尺寸为0.2μm,摩尔比为1:1.5和1:2时晶体尺寸分别为1.5μm和1μm。(2)热退火对甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜相转变的影响。不同比例下甲胺铅碘钙钛矿薄膜具有相似的相转变过程,在热退火升温过程中,60℃时甲胺铅碘钙钛矿的四方相完全转变为立方相;当降到室温时,立方相部分转变为四方相。由此可见,甲胺铅碘钙钛矿的相转变是可逆的,立方相是甲胺铅碘钙钛矿的亚稳态,常温下四方相更稳定。(3)甲胺铅碘前驱体薄膜在室温大气中的结构演变及对后续钙钛矿薄膜的影响。甲胺铅碘前驱体薄膜在空气中放置一段时间后,薄膜颜色由灰黑色逐渐变成黑褐色,退火后变成黑色。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、X射线衍射以及原子力表面形貌等手段进行了系统研究。甲胺铅碘前驱体薄膜在常温空气放置过程中,前驱体物质在消失,且有甲胺铅碘钙钛矿生成。对比二者的退火结果,新制备的甲胺铅碘前驱体薄膜的X射线衍射强度和光谱强度都比放置的薄膜高,且晶体尺寸也较大。本文的研究,为探讨甲胺铅碘钙钛矿制备工艺、生成机理及其基本特性研究提供了新的思路和方向,对甲胺铅碘钙钛矿太阳能电池及相关光电器件研究和应用有一定指导意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, organic metal halide perovskite solar cells have attracted wide attention because of their potential research and commercial value. The perovskite thin film layer of organometallide halides not only can absorb light energy in the active layer, but also possess the ability to transmit holes and electrons. Many kinds of high quality organometallide perovskite have been found. One step solution method is simple and widely used because of its simple operation. In this paper, one step solution method is used to prepare methylamine, lead and iodine Perovskite Thin Film under different proportions, and the physical and chemical properties of the films under different conditions are studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) the preparation of methylamine perovskite Perovskite Thin Film by blending with different proportions It can be characterized by one step method to prepare lead iodide (Pb I2) and iodimethylamine (CH3NH3I) mole ratio of 1:1,1:1.5 and 1:2 to the methylamine perovskite Perovskite Thin film respectively. It is found that the film has the same absorption band and the crystallinity is similar. When the mole ratio is overdose, the size of the crystal is larger when the mole ratio is 1:1, and the crystal size is 0.2 when the molar ratio is 1:1. The phase transition of methylamine, lead and iodine Perovskite Thin film is affected by the crystal size of 1.5 mu m and 1 m. (2), respectively, when the molar ratio is 1:1.5 and 1:2. The phase transition process of methylamine lead iodide Perovskite Thin Film under different proportions is similar. During the heat annealing process, the tetragonal phase of methylamine, lead and iodine perovskite is completely converted into cubic phase at 60 C; when the temperature is reduced, the phase of the tetragonal phase of the methylamine lead and iodine perovskite is completely converted to cubic phase. At room temperature, the cubic phase change to the Quartet phase. Thus, the phase transition of methylamine lead iodide perovskite is reversible, the cubic phase is the metastable state of methylamine lead iodide perovskite, and the Quartet phase is more stable at room temperature. (3) the structure evolution of methylamine lead iodine precursor film at room temperature and the effect on the subsequent perovskite film. After the film was placed in the air for a period of time, the color of the film gradually changed from gray to black to black, and then turned black after annealing. By means of ultraviolet visible absorption spectrum, X ray diffraction and the surface morphology of atomic force, the precursor material of methylamine lead iodine was disappearing during the constant temperature air placement. The X ray diffraction intensity and spectral intensity of the newly prepared methylamine, lead and iodine precursor films are higher than those of the deposited films, and the crystal size is larger than those of the two ones. This study provides a new method for the study of the preparation of methylamine lead iodide perovskite, the formation mechanism and the basic characteristics of the study. The ideas and directions are of guiding significance for the research and application of methylamine lead iodine perovskite solar cells and related photoelectric devices.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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