超级电容充放电状态监测及管理控制

发布时间：2018-05-19 12:56

本文选题：超级电容 + 状态监测　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：超级电容具有特殊的充放电性能,作为新型储能器件,拥有十分广泛的应用前景。违背其工作特性的充放电,不仅影响工作性能,而且还会威胁到运行寿命与安全。因此,对超级电容进行实时状态监测并对其充放电进行过程控制,是超级电容应用的基本要求和必备条件,为提高超级电容的运行的安全性、经济性和高效性提供了保障。论文对超级电容的充放电特性进行了研究,设计了一套超级电容状态监测与控制系统。本文首先对超级电容的原理和建模进行了研究,提出了超级电容的由简单到复杂的等效模型,进而对超级电容的充放电特性进行了分析,通过仿真实验和实际测量得到了超级电容的充放电特性曲线。通过以上分析,结合超级电容的实际应用问题,设计了一套能够对超级电容充放电过程中各种参数进行实时监测、并进行相应控制的系统实验样机。该系统包括下位机数据采集和上位机监测与控制软件两部分。下位机部分采用单片机作为主控芯片对采样ADC和充放电模块以及串口通信模块进行控制,上位机软件部分采用LabVIEW平台编写。系统运行过程中下位机不断采集超级电容模组各运行状态参数并上传至上位机;上位机监测这些数据,根据提出的管理策略结合操作者输入的操作命令对下位机发出各模块的控制指令,并在数据超限时进行报警。在系统样机研发完成后,进行了试验验证。首先是超级电容运行数据的采集与上传功能的测试,其次是上位机管理策略的调试与校准,最后进行了充放电模块的测量准确度与操作可靠性测试。测试结果表明,系统样机实现的功能达到了预期目标。
[Abstract]:As a new type of energy storage devices, super capacitors have a wide range of applications due to their special charge-discharge properties. The charge and discharge which violate its working characteristics not only affect the working performance, but also threaten the service life and safety. Therefore, it is the basic requirement and necessary condition to monitor the state of super capacitor in real time and control the process of charging and discharging. It provides a guarantee for improving the security, economy and efficiency of super capacitor. In this paper, the charge-discharge characteristics of ultracapacitors are studied, and a supercapacitor state monitoring and control system is designed. In this paper, the principle and modeling of super capacitor are studied, and the equivalent model of super capacitor from simple to complex is put forward, and the charge-discharge characteristic of super capacitor is analyzed. The charge-discharge characteristic curve of super capacitor is obtained by simulation experiment and actual measurement. Based on the above analysis and the practical application of super capacitor, a set of system prototype is designed, which can monitor and control the parameters in charge and discharge process of super capacitor in real time. The system includes two parts: the data acquisition of the lower computer and the monitoring and control software of the upper computer. In the part of the lower computer, the sampling ADC, charge / discharge module and serial communication module are controlled by MCU as the main control chip, and the software part of the upper computer is written on the LabVIEW platform. During the operation of the system, the lower computer continuously collects the running state parameters of the supercapacitor module and uploads them to the upper computer, and the upper computer monitors these data. According to the proposed management strategy and the operation command input by the operator, the control instructions of each module are issued to the lower computer, and the alarm is given when the data exceed the limit. After the research and development of the system prototype was completed, the test was carried out. First, the function of collecting and uploading the data of supercapacitor operation is tested. Secondly, the adjustment and calibration of the management strategy of the upper computer are carried out. Finally, the measurement accuracy and operational reliability of the charging and discharging module are tested. The test results show that the function achieved by the system prototype has reached the expected goal.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM53

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