基于滑模变结构控制的永磁同步电机矢量控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 07:46

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 矢量控制　；参考：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国科技水平不断进步,新工艺、新技术取得迅速发展,新型电力电子器件和高性能材料不断被研发出来并投入使用。新型永磁材料的出现,使PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,永磁同步电机)在各大应用领域得到迅速发展,PMSM控制策略成为专家学者们竞相讨论的热点话题。基于磁场定向的矢量控制作为一种性能优异的无差控制策略,由于控制简单、易于实现,是永磁同步电机控制领域最为重要的控制策略之一。本文研究内容是针对永磁同步电机矢量控制展开的。提高电机控制的动态响应速度和抗干扰能力,降低电机控制稳态误差,是现代电机控制不断追求的重要性能指标。VSC(Variable Structure Control,变结构控制)理论是20世纪50年代由前苏联学者提出的一种先进的非线性控制理论,该控制的特点在于控制模型不是一成不变的,控制器根据系统状态的改变在几种不同控制模态间进行频繁切换,以达到预定的控制目的。SMC(Sliding Mode Control,滑模控制)是由该控制理论发展而来的一种新型控制理论。滑模变结构控制最突出优点是其控制模型的设计不依赖控制对象自身模型,对系统参数的扰动不灵敏,具有较强的鲁棒性,因此被广泛应用于电机控制领域。本文以永磁同步电机矢量控制为研究对象,将滑模控制引入传统矢量控制中。设计滑模控制器控制电机转速,为了降低转速调节的稳态误差,将积分滑模控制引入到控制器中。永磁同步电机控制需要知道其精确的转子位置和转速信息,采用传感器检测永磁电机的转速和位置,使电机结构变得复杂,降低了控制系统的可靠性。本文设计两种永磁同步电机转子信息检测策略,一种是基于滑模控制的模型参考自适应观测器控制策略,另一种是滑模观测器控制策略。最后,通过搭建仿真模型进行仿真验证,仿真结果显示设计的控制策略可有效检测出永磁同步电机转子相位和转速,实现了PMSM无速度传感器控制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of science and technology, new technology and new technology, new power electronic devices and high performance materials have been developed and put into use. With the emergence of new permanent magnet materials, the PMSM(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM control strategy has been developed rapidly in various fields of application, which has become a hot topic for discussion by experts and scholars. Vector control based on magnetic field orientation is one of the most important control strategies in the field of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) because of its simple control and easy implementation. This paper focuses on vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The dynamic response speed and anti-interference ability of motor control are improved, and the steady-state error of motor control is reduced. The theory of variable Structure control (VSC) is an advanced nonlinear control theory put forward by former Soviet scholars in 1950s. The characteristic of the control is that the control model is not fixed, and the controller switches frequently among several different control modes according to the change of the system state. SMC Sliding Mode control (sliding mode control) is a new control theory developed from the control theory. The most outstanding advantage of sliding mode variable structure control is that the design of its control model is independent of the control object's own model, which is insensitive to the disturbance of system parameters and has strong robustness, so it is widely used in the field of motor control. In this paper, the vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is studied, and the sliding mode control is introduced into the traditional vector control. The sliding mode controller is designed to control the motor speed. In order to reduce the steady state error of the speed regulation, the integral sliding mode control is introduced into the controller. The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control needs to know the precise information of rotor position and speed. The sensor is used to detect the speed and position of PMSM, which makes the structure of PMSM complex and reduces the reliability of the control system. In this paper, two kinds of rotor information detection strategies of PMSM are designed, one is model reference adaptive observer control strategy based on sliding mode control, the other is sliding mode observer control strategy. Finally, the simulation results show that the designed control strategy can effectively detect the rotor phase and speed of PMSM, and realize PMSM speed sensorless control.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341

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