直流微网建模及能量协调控制仿真研究
本文选题:直流微网 + 滤波器 ; 参考:《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:为了解决分布式发电容量和成本的限制及控制困难等问题,微电网应运而生。目前,微电网主要采用交流微电网形式,但直流微网凭借其成本低、效率高、可靠性和可控性高及供电容量大等优势得到了迅猛发展。本文对直流微网的建模、稳定性及能量协调控制等问题进行了研究。首先,分析了直流微网的构成和各单元的工作原理及控制方式。为了最大限度地利用可再生能源,风光发电单元运行在最大功率点追踪(Maximum Power Point Tracking,MPPT)模式。其中,光伏发电单元采用与恒值法结合的占空比扰动观测法实现MPPT,永磁直驱风力发电单元采用最佳叶尖速比法实现MPPT。蓄电池储能系统采用两段式充电和恒压放电控制策略以维持孤岛运行时系统的功率平衡。其次,研究了并网变流器(Grid-Connected Converter,GCC)的双向运行特性,并设计和优化了双向LCL滤波器参数。本文分别设计了中点箝位式(Neutral Point Clamped,NPC)三电平整流器和逆变器电网侧的LCL滤波器参数,以得到双向NPC三电平变流器电网侧LCL滤波器参数的取值范围。为了提高GCC的双向运行性能,依据电网电流总谐波失真(Total Harmonic Distortion,THD)、调节时间和稳定裕度对双向LCL滤波器参数进行了优化。然后,根据直流微网各单元接口变换器的控制方式把各单元接口变换器分为控制母线侧端口电压的变换器(Bus Voltage Controlled Converter,BVCC)和控制母线侧端口电流的变换器(Bus Current Controlled Converter,BCCC),建立了各接口变换器的小信号模型。在此基础上计算并分析了各接口变换器的阻抗特性。依据通用阻抗判据和Nyquist稳定性判据研究了不同运行状态下直流微网的稳定性,并在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上搭建了风光互补直流微网仿真模型进行了实验验证。最后,分析了直流微网的运行特性,并进行了基于直流母线电压的能量协调控制策略研究。当直流微网并网运行时,GCC作为电压节点,控制直流母线电压和系统功率平衡;当直流微网孤岛运行时,根据直流母线电压和蓄电池荷电量(State of Charge,SOC)的变化确定直流母线电压的控制策略。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of limitation and control of distributed generation capacity and cost, microgrid emerges as the times require. At present, microgrid mainly adopts the form of AC microgrid, but DC microgrid has been developed rapidly because of its advantages of low cost, high efficiency, high reliability and controllability, and large power supply capacity. In this paper, the modeling, stability and energy coordination control of DC microgrid are studied. Firstly, the composition of DC microgrid and the working principle and control mode of each unit are analyzed. In order to maximize the use of renewable energy, the wind power generation unit operates in the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode. Among them, the MPPTs are realized by the duty cycle perturbation observation method combined with the constant value method, and the MPPTs are realized by the optimal blade tip velocity ratio method in the PMSU. The battery energy storage system adopts two stage charging and constant voltage discharge control strategy to maintain the power balance of the isolated island operation system. Secondly, the bidirectional operation characteristics of Grid-Connected Converters (Grid-Connected Converters) are studied, and the parameters of bidirectional LCL filters are designed and optimized. In this paper, the LCL filter parameters of neutral-point clamped three-level rectifier and inverter are designed, respectively, to obtain the range of LCL filter parameters on the grid side of bi-directional NPC three-level converter. In order to improve the bidirectional performance of GCC, the parameters of the bidirectional LCL filter are optimized according to the total Harmonic distortion (THD) of the total harmonic distortion of the current in the power network, the adjustment time and the stability margin. And then, According to the control mode of each unit interface converter in DC microgrid, each unit interface converter is divided into bus Voltage Controlled converter and bus Current Controlled converter. Small signal model of port converter. On this basis, the impedance characteristics of each interface converter are calculated and analyzed. Based on the universal impedance criterion and Nyquist stability criterion, the stability of DC microgrid in different operating states is studied, and the simulation model of wind and wind complementary DC microgrid is built on the Matlab/Simulink simulation platform for experimental verification. Finally, the operation characteristics of DC microgrid are analyzed, and the energy coordination control strategy based on DC bus voltage is studied. When DC microgrid is connected to grid, GCC is used as voltage node to control DC bus voltage and system power balance. The control strategy of DC bus voltage is determined according to the change of DC bus voltage and battery charge state of charge of SOC.
【学位授予单位】:中国矿业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TM727;TM743
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