梳齿型超声电机的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-05-21 05:47

本文选题：超声电机 + 模态分析　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：超声电机是近些年迅速发展起来的一种新型微特电机,其工作原理不同于传统的电磁式电机,它是利用压电陶瓷的逆压电效应,将激励信号的电能转化为高频振动的机械能,进而通过定转子间的摩擦耦合传递力矩的工作方式。有着体积轻小、低转速大力矩、无电磁干扰、定位精度高、结构设计灵活等优点,因此在航空航天、智能机器人、精密仪器等领域展现了广阔的应用前景,近些年来得到了广泛关注和深入研究。本文对行波超声电机进行深入分析和研究,提出了梳齿型行波超声电机的改进方案,原先定子中起放大作用的齿经过多齿度划分形成了多齿的梳齿结构,本方案通过对定子的这种梳齿结构进行了改进,并使用有限元分析软件对这种结构进行了仿真建模研究,证明了方案的合理性,并据此设计了改进后的梳齿型超声电机。超声电机具有特殊的振动模态要求,需要有专门的驱动控制器来驱动,为此基于梳齿型超声电机的有限元仿真数据,设计了超声电机的驱动控制系统。其中硬件方面详细设计了驱动器各个部分的工作原理和电路模块,并通过电路仿真以及实验波形测试分析进行了合理性验证;软件部分设计了基于虚拟仪器的超声电机数据采集系统,系统通过上位机和数据采集卡、驱动器之间进行数据传输以及信号控制,实现了上位机的采集功能。最后,搭建了梳齿型超声电机的二维测试平台,对超声电机进行了瞬态性能等测试,分析了各个参数对超声电机性能测试的影响。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic motor is a new type of micro and special motor which has been developed rapidly in recent years. Its working principle is different from the traditional electromagnetic motor. It uses the inverse piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric ceramics to convert the electrical energy of the excitation signal into the mechanical energy of high frequency vibration. Furthermore, the working mode of friction coupling transfer torque between stator and rotor is adopted. It has the advantages of small volume, low rotational speed and large torque, no electromagnetic interference, high positioning accuracy, flexible structure design, etc., so it has shown a broad application prospect in aerospace, intelligent robot, precision instrument and other fields. In recent years, it has received extensive attention and in-depth research. In this paper, the traveling wave ultrasonic motor is deeply analyzed and studied, and the improved scheme of comb type traveling wave ultrasonic motor is put forward. By improving the comb structure of the stator and using the finite element analysis software, the scheme is simulated and studied. The rationality of the scheme is proved, and the improved comb ultrasonic motor is designed accordingly. The ultrasonic motor has the special vibration mode request, and needs to have the special drive controller to drive. Therefore, based on the finite element simulation data of the comb ultrasonic motor, the drive and control system of the ultrasonic motor is designed. In the aspect of hardware, the working principle and circuit module of each part of the driver are designed in detail, and the rationality is verified by circuit simulation and test analysis of experimental waveform. In the software part, the ultrasonic motor data acquisition system based on virtual instrument is designed. The data transmission and signal control between the driver and the upper computer are carried out by the upper computer and the data acquisition card. The acquisition function of the upper computer is realized. Finally, the two-dimensional testing platform of combed ultrasonic motor is built, the transient performance of ultrasonic motor is tested, and the influence of various parameters on the performance test of ultrasonic motor is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM359.9

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