风光互补发电系统最大功率控制策略的研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 18:12

本文选题：风光互补发电系统最大功率点跟踪 + Matlab仿真　；参考：《长春大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：风能、太阳能的最大功率点(MPP)捕获已成为国内外新能源领域的一大研究热点,最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)算法,不仅可以提高光伏发电系统和风电机组的电能输出效率,加快系统响应时间,而且MPPT算法的优劣会直接影响到风能和太阳能的利用率以及系统的安全性能。现阶段,已经被应用到实际产品中的MPPT方法主要有扰动观察法、增量电导法和智能控制法等。数据表明,现有算法实际应用中存在抗干扰能力差以及跟踪速度慢等缺陷。基于此,需要以解决算法缺陷为出发点,提出一种新型的最大功率点跟踪策略,使系统输出效率更高、更稳定、更快速。基于风能和太阳能具备天然的互补特性,相比较独立的风力或光伏发电系统,风光互补发电系统可以在很大程度上降低了因天气变化对系统造成的不利影响,使系统具备良好的输出特性。本文重点分析了几种常见的MPPT算法,总结不同算法的优势和劣势,在传统控制算法的基础上,加以改进,提出适于光伏发电系统的新型MPPT控制方法以及适于风电机组的新型MPPT控制方法。对于光伏发电系统,基于传统CVT算法实际应用中更易于实现的优势,但该法容易受到外界环境等因素的影响,使系统跟踪精度易受外界条件影响。基于此,本文在传统恒压控制法(CVT)法基础上加以改进,采用电压优化法使系统在任何条件下跟踪到系统最大功率点,很大程度上解决了系统跟踪精度低的问题。对于风力发电系统,为实现风力发电系统在任何风速条件下,均具备较高的输出效率,本文采用模糊扰动MPPT方法来提高系统在各种风速状况下的小型风电机组的输出效率。本文采用的新型MPPT控制策略,虽然解决了传统MPPT算法存在的一些缺陷并具备上述优势,但系统输出震动仍在较大,为解决该问题,本文将免疫反馈响应理论应用于风光互补发电系统,通过仿真得到风光互补发电系统输出特性曲线,结果表明免疫反馈响应理论的引入使系统输出振幅减小,稳定性有所增强,系统供电可靠性大幅提升,创造出了良好的社会、经济效益。
[Abstract]:The maximum power point (MPP) capture of wind energy and solar energy has become a research hotspot in the field of new energy at home and abroad. The maximum power point tracking (MPPTT) algorithm can not only improve the power output efficiency of photovoltaic power generation system and wind turbine. Speed up the system response time, and the MPPT algorithm will directly affect the utilization of wind and solar energy, as well as the security performance of the system. At present, the MPPT methods which have been applied to practical products mainly include disturbance observation method, incremental conductance method and intelligent control method. The data show that the existing algorithms have some shortcomings such as poor anti-jamming ability and slow tracking speed. Based on this, a new maximum power point tracking strategy is proposed to improve the efficiency, stability and speed of the system. Based on the natural complementarities of wind and solar energy and the relatively independent wind or photovoltaic systems, wind and solar complementary power systems can significantly reduce the adverse effects of weather changes on the system, Make the system have good output characteristics. This paper analyzes several common MPPT algorithms, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms, and improves them on the basis of traditional control algorithms. A new MPPT control method for photovoltaic power generation system and a new MPPT control method for wind turbine are proposed. For photovoltaic power generation system, it is easier to realize based on the traditional CVT algorithm in practical application, but the method is easy to be affected by the external environment and other factors, so the tracking accuracy of the system is easy to be affected by the external conditions. Based on this, this paper improves on the traditional constant voltage control method and adopts the voltage optimization method to track the maximum power point of the system under any conditions. To a great extent, the problem of low tracking accuracy is solved. For wind power system, in order to achieve higher output efficiency of wind power system under any wind speed, fuzzy disturbance MPPT method is used to improve the output efficiency of small wind turbine under various wind speed conditions. The new MPPT control strategy adopted in this paper solves some defects of the traditional MPPT algorithm and has the advantages mentioned above, but the output vibration of the system is still large. In order to solve this problem, In this paper, the immune feedback response theory is applied to the wind-wind complementary power generation system, and the output characteristic curve of the wind-wind complementary power generation system is obtained by simulation. The results show that the immune feedback response theory can reduce the output amplitude and enhance the stability of the system. System power supply reliability has been greatly improved, creating a good social and economic benefits.
【学位授予单位】：长春大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM61

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