基于直流真空断路器的混磁触头结构设计及磁场分析

发布时间：2018-05-23 20:42

本文选题：真空断路器 + 横向磁场　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于新能源、新原料、信息科技和电力电子的迅猛发展与普遍应用,社会对电能需求、用电质量及用电可靠性等提出更高的标准,现有交流电力系统面临负荷和电能需求多样化、潮流均衡协调控制复杂化以及供电稳定性与经济性等方面的新挑战。随着直流输电技术的进步与分布式新能源系统的发展,直流输电系统的工程应用日趋成熟。直流真空断路器作为直流系统中控制与保护装备,其绝缘与开断性能将直接影响其所在系统的安全可靠与稳定运行。本文在分析真空断路器触头结构与真空电弧磁场调控基础上,提出新型混合磁场真空灭弧系统用触头结构,通过调控断口区域磁场以实现对真空电弧的有效控制。基于杯状横磁(TMF)触头与杯状纵磁(AMF)触头结构与磁场特征分析,创建了嵌合型杯状横-纵磁触头模型,其内部杯状纵磁触头有利于保持触头中心区域电弧呈扩散态,外部杯状横磁触头产生磁吹力以有效逸散电弧能量,利于熄弧。通过对新型嵌合型横-纵磁触头的触头中心平面以及触头表面的稳态磁场以及剩余磁场分布数值计算,得到其与传统杯状触头的对比分析与定量描述。针对真空断路器熄弧时刻,横向磁场相比纵向磁场在弧区内滞留时间短,逸散速度快的特点,通过对螺旋槽横磁触头与杯状横磁触头结构分析,建立了同轴横磁触头模型,提出内螺旋槽触头突出结构,以减小闭合触头体电阻,减少发热。通过对同轴横磁触头极间电子密度仿真分析,提出电弧运动轨迹调控策略;建立场计算物理数学模型,进行磁场及受力仿真计算;与传统螺旋槽横磁触头及杯状横磁触头进行对比分析,以调控电弧运动轨迹。
[Abstract]:Due to the rapid development and widespread application of new energy, new raw materials, information technology and power electronics, society has put forward higher standards for electricity demand, power quality and power reliability. The current AC power system faces new challenges such as diversification of load and power demand, complexity of coordinated control of power flow equilibrium, and stability and economy of power supply. With the progress of HVDC technology and the development of distributed new energy system, the engineering application of HVDC system is becoming more and more mature. As the control and protection equipment in DC system, the insulation and breaking performance of DC vacuum circuit breaker will directly affect the safe, reliable and stable operation of its system. Based on the analysis of the contact structure of vacuum circuit breaker and the control of vacuum arc magnetic field, a new type of contact structure for vacuum arc extinguishing system with mixed magnetic field is proposed in this paper. The effective control of vacuum arc can be realized by adjusting the magnetic field of fracture area. Based on the analysis of the structure and magnetic field characteristics of cup type transverse magnetic contact (TMF) and cup shaped longitudinal magnetic (AMF) contact, a model of chimeric cup type transverse and longitudinal magnetic contact is established. The inner cup shaped longitudinal magnetic contact helps to keep the electric arc in the central region of the contact diffused. External cup-shaped transverse magnetic contact produces magnetic blowing force to effectively dissipate arc energy and is conducive to arc extinguishing. Through the numerical calculation of the distribution of the steady magnetic field and the residual magnetic field in the center plane of the contact and the contact surface of the new type of chimeric transverse and longitudinal magnetic contact, the comparison analysis and quantitative description between the contact surface and the traditional cup contact are obtained. In view of the characteristics that the transverse magnetic field has shorter retention time and faster dissipation speed than the longitudinal magnetic field in the arc region during the arc extinguishing time of the vacuum circuit breaker, a coaxial transverse magnetic contact model is established by analyzing the structure of the spiral groove transverse magnetic contact and the cup transverse magnetic contact. The protruding structure of the inner spiral groove contact is proposed to reduce the resistance of the closed contact and reduce the heat. Through the simulation and analysis of the electronic density between the poles of the coaxial transverse magnetic contact, the control strategy of arc motion trajectory is put forward, the physical mathematical model of field calculation is established, and the simulation calculation of magnetic field and force is carried out. Compared with the traditional spiral groove transverse magnetic contact and cup type transverse magnetic contact, the arc trajectory can be adjusted.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM561.2

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