电厂脱硫工艺排水区污损生物群落结构及翡翠贻贝重金属富集研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 16:46

本文选题：湛江湾 + 烟气海水脱硫　；参考：《广东海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用天然海水应用于燃煤电厂机器冷却和烟气脱硫两个工艺,可以有效缓解内陆淡水资源紧缺。但是关于经历两个工艺的排海水是否会对周边海域水质环境和生态群落造成负面的环境影响,是众多领域一直关注的社会焦点,本文通过对湛江宝钢自备电厂脱硫工艺排海水附近海域进行挂片实验,并对污损生物挂片时期对海水环境因子及重金属进行监测,并对半年污损生物挂片上的翡翠贻贝进行软组织、外壳进行重金属含量测试,主要分析脱硫工艺排海水对周边水质环境、污损生物群落以及翡翠贻贝在特定海域的重金属富集效应的影响。其主要结果如下:1.对排海水附近3期水质环境参数和重金属含量调查结果表明,对排水口附近水质进行评价。参照《海水水质标准》GB 3097-1997,除水温外,盐度、悬浮物、溶氧量和pH四项参数二级水质达标率为100%,除Ni外,海水中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd四种重金属二级达标率为100%.2.脱硫工艺排海水附近海域进行污损生物挂片监测中共检出污损生物28种,其中植物1种,动物27种;优势种是网纹纹藤壶(Amphibalanus reticalates Utinemi)、强壮板钩虾(Stenothoe valida Dana)、翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)、圆鳃麦杆虫(Caprella penantis Leach)等,季度挂片分析结果显示,表层污损生物量为2506.1g/m2,中层污损生物量为2142.8 g/m2,试验海区全年均匀污损生物附着,但种类和附着量季节差异明显,污损生物群落Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)和Margalef丰富度指数(d)春季最高。3.丰度、生物量与环境参数作Pearson相关性分析结果表明,表层、中层丰度与水温整体呈显著性负相关,相关系数为-0.652(p0.05)和-0.917(p0.01),与溶氧量呈显著性正相关,相关系数为0.733(p0.01)和0.916(p0.01)。中层生物量与溶氧量呈显著性正相关,相关系数为0.756(p0.01),表层挂片中生物量与溶氧量无显著相关性。结合ABC曲线分析,污损生物生态群落在春季整体呈“稳定状态”,夏季和半年污损生物挂片则“稳定”状态欠佳,污损生物群落结构稳定性在平面上并无明显的“模式”可循,这表明污损生物群落结构稳定性主要是受季节影响。4.根据2016.2-2016.9对污损生物监测结果,对优势种-翡翠贻贝体内5种重金属元素进行富集系数、空间、水平分析讨论。对软组织和外壳中重金属做主成分分析和多维尺度分析,能够在不同外界重金属含量胁迫下做出很好的反应,说明软组织对海水中Zn、Cd和Pb有着良好的指示作用,尤其是对海水中Pb。
[Abstract]:The application of natural seawater in two processes of coal-fired power plant machine cooling and flue gas desulfurization can effectively alleviate the shortage of inland fresh water resources. However, whether the discharge of seawater from the two processes will have a negative environmental impact on the water quality environment and ecological communities in the surrounding sea areas has been the focus of social concern in many fields. In this paper, an experiment was carried out in the sea area near the desulfurization process of Baosteel's own power plant in Zhanjiang, and the environmental factors and heavy metals in seawater were monitored during the period of fouling biofilm. In addition, the soft tissue and shell of the jadeite mussel were tested on the fouling biofilm for half a year. The main contents of heavy metals in the shell were analyzed, and the effect of the desulfurization process on the surrounding water quality was analyzed. Effects of fouling biota and heavy metal enrichment of Perna viridis mussels in specific sea areas. The main results are as follows: 1. The results of investigation on the environmental parameters and heavy metal content of water quality near the third stage of seawater drainage show that the water quality near the drainage outlet is evaluated. With reference to "Standard of seawater quality" GB3097-1997, except for water temperature, the rate of reaching the second order water quality of four parameters, salinity, suspended substance, dissolved oxygen quantity and pH value, is 100 and 100, except for Ni, four heavy metals in seawater, CuPbPbZnN and CD, are 100. 2. A total of 28 species of fouling organisms including 1 species of plants and 27 species of animals were detected in the sea area near the sea by desulphurization process. The dominant species were Amphibalanus reticalates Utinemius, Stenothoe valida Danaer, Perna viridishus, Caprella penantis Leach. etc. The surface fouling biomass was 2506.1 g / m ~ (2) and the middle layer was 2142.8 g / m ~ (2). In the experimental area, the average fouling biomass was 2142.8 g / m ~ (2), but the species and the amount of fouling were significantly different in seasons. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and the Margalef richness index (d) were the highest in spring. The results of Pearson correlation analysis of abundance, biomass and environmental parameters showed that there was a significant negative correlation between surface and middle abundance and water temperature, the correlation coefficient was -0.652p0.05) and -0.917p0.01m, and there was a significant positive correlation between abundance, biomass and environmental parameters, the correlation coefficients were 0.733p0.01and 0.916p0.01. There was a significant positive correlation between the biomass in the middle layer and the dissolved oxygen content, the correlation coefficient was 0.756 (p0.01), but there was no significant correlation between the biomass and the dissolved oxygen content in the surface hanging tablets. Combined with ABC curve analysis, the whole community of polluted organisms was in a "stable state" in spring, while in summer and half a year, the "stable" state of fouling biota was not good, and there was no obvious "model" for the stability of fouling community structure on the plane. This indicates that the stability of the fouling community structure is mainly affected by season. 4. Based on the monitoring results of fouling organisms from 2016.2-2016.9, the enrichment coefficient, space and level of five heavy metal elements in the dominant species, Perna viridis mussel, were analyzed and discussed. The principal component analysis and multidimensional scale analysis of heavy metals in soft tissue and shell can make a good response under different external heavy metal contents, indicating that soft tissue has a good indicative effect on Zn, CD and Pb in seawater. Especially in seawater.
【学位授予单位】：广东海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X773;S917.4

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