异步电机与直流电机互馈试验系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-05 22:04

本文选题：异步电机 + 直流电机　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：轨道交通是一种高效、快捷的运输方式,我国拥有世界上最长的轨道交通线路,轨道交通产业也成为我国支柱产业之一。因此,我国需要大量培养轨道交通电力牵引技术方面的人才。目前我国开设有牵引相关专业的高校有几十余所,电力牵引课程是其核心课程,但是适用于试验教学相关设备相对缺乏,一定程度上影响教学效果。开发电力牵引相关试验教学设备满足目前我国高校的教学需求十分迫切。本文结合"电力机车电力牵引传动控制教学系统"项目,开展异步电机与直流电机互馈试验系统的研究,并开发样机。结合项目主要完成以下工作:异步电机与直流电机互馈试验系统的主电路结构与工作原理。分析了试验系统直流电机与异步电机分别在牵引试验的工作原理;详细阐述了交直传动系统中三段经济半控桥的主电路结构和工作原理;其次,分析了交流传动系统中的四象限整流器的主电路拓扑,根据定义的开关函数建立了数学模型并分析工作原理,在此基础上分析了引入电压前馈的电压、电流双闭环控制策略;最后,论文详细分析了 SVPWM调制方式的实现以及异步电机基于转子磁场定向的矢量控制进行了研究。试验系统平台的主电流参数和控制电路设计。根据项目设计和性能指标,分别针对交直传动系统和交直交传动系统的牵引变压器、功率器件、三段经济半控桥中的平波电抗器、四象限整流器中的储能电感以及中间直流环节取消二次谐振电路下的支撑电容进行参数设计和器件选型;此外,根据功率器件性能分别设计了 SCR与IGBT的驱动电路、直流电机励磁可调电路、电机转速采样电路以及电压与电流采样电路。转子磁链全阶观测器的设计和试验系统仿真。针对传统的转子磁链观测器的电压和电流模型受电机参数变化影响大的问题,本文设计了一种转子磁链全阶观测器,基于MATLAB/Simulink仿真对比了三种磁链观测器在电机定转子电阻参数变化时,转子磁链全阶观测器具有抗干扰性强的优点;此外,依据试验系统设计的主电路参数分别搭建了交直传动和交直交传动系统仿真平台,通过仿真结果验证了直流电机与异步电机分别在牵引、制动工况下的工作原理和参数设计的可行性。异步电机与直流电机互馈试验系统平台性能验证。搭建好基于实验室开发的DSP+FPGA控制器的互馈试验系统平台,通过程序开发对样机性能进行调试,进行了异步电机与直流电机互馈试验。实验分析表明:(1)试验系统平台能真实的反映交直传动系统和交直交传动系统的性能和特征,满足试验教学的目的;(2)了解交直交传动相对于交直传动的优越性,将能量回馈电网的设计方案,达到节能的效果。
[Abstract]:Rail transportation is a kind of efficient and fast transportation mode. China has the longest rail transit line in the world, and the rail transportation industry has become one of the pillar industries in China. Therefore, our country needs a large number of talents to train the electric traction technology of rail transportation. At present, there are more than ten colleges and universities in China with traction related specialties. The course of traction is the core course, but it is suitable for the relative lack of related equipment in test and teaching. It has a certain influence on the teaching effect. It is very urgent to develop the teaching equipment of electric traction related test teaching. This paper combines the project of "electric locomotive power traction and transmission control teaching system" and develops asynchronous motor. With the research of the DC motor mutual feed test system and the development of the prototype, the main circuit structure and working principle of the asynchronous motor and the DC motor mutual feed test system are mainly completed. The working principle of the DC motor and the asynchronous motor in the traction test is analyzed, and the three in the transmission system is expounded in detail. The main circuit structure and working principle of the section economic semi control bridge are introduced. Secondly, the main circuit topology of the four quadrant rectifier in the AC drive system is analyzed. The mathematical model is established and the working principle is analyzed according to the defined switching function. On this basis, the electric voltage and current double closed loop control strategy are introduced. Finally, the paper is detailed. The realization of the SVPWM modulation mode and the vector control based on the rotor magnetic field orientation are studied. The main current parameters and the control circuit of the test system platform are designed. According to the project design and performance indicators, the traction transformers, power devices, and three segments of the AC drive system and the AC transmission system are respectively targeted. The flat wave reactor in the semi controlled bridge, the energy storage inductor in the four quadrant rectifier and the support capacitor in the intermediate DC link to cancel the support capacitance under the two resonant circuit are designed for parameter design and device selection. In addition, the driving circuit of SCR and IGBT is designed according to the performance of the power device, the adjustable circuit of the DC motor excitation and the sampling circuit of the motor speed are used. And voltage and current sampling circuit. Design and Simulation of full order observer of rotor flux. Aiming at the problem that the voltage and current model of the conventional rotor flux observer is affected by the change of motor parameters, a full order observer of rotor flux is designed in this paper. Based on MATLAB/ Simulink simulation, three kinds of flux observer are compared. When the parameters of the stator and rotor resistance change, the full order observer of the rotor flux has the advantage of strong anti-interference. In addition, according to the main circuit parameters designed by the test system, the simulation platform of the AC direct transmission and the AC direct transmission system is set up respectively. The simulation results verify the work of the DC motor and the asynchronous motor under the condition of traction and braking, respectively. The feasibility of making the principle and parameter design. The performance verification of the asynchronous motor and the DC motor mutual feed test system platform. The mutual feed test system platform based on the DSP+FPGA controller developed in the laboratory is set up. The performance of the prototype is debugged through the program development, and the mutual feed test of the asynchronous motor and the DC motor is carried out. The experimental analysis shows that (1) test The system platform can truly reflect the performance and characteristics of the transmission system and the cross direct transmission system, and meet the purpose of experimental teaching. (2) understanding the superiority of cross direct transmission relative to the cross direct transmission, and giving feedback to the design scheme of the power grid to achieve the effect of energy saving.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM343;TM33

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