钙钛矿太阳能电池界面层的研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 23:17

本文选题：太阳能电池 + 有机-无机钙钛矿　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：有机无机金属卤化物钙钛矿材料在太阳能电池中的应用显示出了巨大的商业价值。以CH3NH3PbI3作为光吸收层材料具有高的吸光系数、高的载流子迁移率、长的载流子传输距离、可溶液加工以及成本低等优点,是近5年太阳能转化利用领域的研究热点,受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。如何提高钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率和稳定性,以及降低其成本是钙钛矿太阳能电池是否能应用到实际生产生活中的关键所在。在本论文中,我们主要是通过研究钙钛矿太阳能电池的界面来提高电池器件的效率,主要开展了以下两个工作:(1)我们通过利用混合的两步沉积工艺获得梯度I-Br比的钙钛矿层。通过这种工艺使得钙钛矿层中的富I区域和富Br区域相分离,与传统的掺杂工艺不同的是,传统方法仅能在整个钙钛矿层中掺入固定含量的Br。在混合的两步沉积工艺中,Br离子有效地进入原始CH3NH3PbI3钙钛矿膜中,并于钙钛矿层的上部空间发生置换,从而不会破坏钙钛矿膜的完整性。通过这种工艺制备出的梯度Br掺杂的钙钛矿器件获得了16.03%的光电转化效率(以下简称PCE),这是由于Voc从1.07提高到1.14V。此外,在相对湿度为40-60%的环境中,放置2周后,梯度Br掺杂的钙钛矿器件的PCE仍然高达97%,没有任何封装,而CH3NH3PbI3作为光吸收层的钙钛矿器件的PCE在同一时间下降到83%。(2)在基于钙钛矿太阳能电池的器件中,我们改善电极接触,用实验室制备的碳电极代替传统的金属电极,并且采用简单易操作的刮涂法制备出了结构为FTO/TiO2致密层/TiO2介孔层/ZrO2层/碳电极的钙钛矿太阳能电池,大大降低了成本。就如何利用碳材料应用于钙钛矿太阳能电池的电极制备开展研究,并从溶剂、填充工艺、碳电极材料的组分优化上进行研究。
[Abstract]:The application of organic and inorganic metal halide perovskite materials in solar cells has shown great commercial value. Using Ch _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ 3 as the optical absorption layer material has the advantages of high absorption coefficient, high carrier mobility, long carrier transport distance, solution processing and low cost, etc. It is a hot spot in the field of solar energy conversion and utilization in recent five years. By domestic and foreign researchers wide attention. How to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells and reduce their cost is the key to whether the perovskite solar cells can be used in practical production and life. In this thesis, we mainly study the interface of perovskite solar cells to improve the efficiency of the battery devices. We mainly carry out the following two work: 1) We obtain the gradient I-Br ratio perovskite layer by using the mixed two-step deposition process. By this process, I rich region and Br rich region in perovskite layer are separated. Different from the traditional doping process, the traditional method can only add fixed amount of Br2 + in the whole perovskite layer. In the mixed two-step deposition process, the Br ion effectively enters the original Ch _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ 3 perovskite film and is replaced in the upper space of the perovskite layer, so the integrity of the perovskite film will not be destroyed. The gradient Br doped perovskite devices obtained by this process have achieved an optoelectronic conversion efficiency of 16.03% (hereinafter referred to as PCEC, which is due to the increase of Voc from 1.07 to 1.14V). In addition, in an environment with relative humidity of 40-60%, two weeks after placement, the PCE of gradient Br doped perovskite devices is still as high as 97% without any packaging. And the PCE of Ch _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ 3 as a perovskite device as a photoabsorber layer dropped to 833.02 at the same time. In the devices based on perovskite solar cells, we improved electrode contact and replaced the conventional metal electrode with a carbon electrode prepared in the laboratory. The perovskite solar cells with the structure of FTO / TIO _ 2 / TIO _ 2 mesoporous layer / carbon electrode were prepared by simple and easy to operate scraping method, which greatly reduced the cost. The preparation of perovskite solar cell electrodes using carbon materials was studied, and the solvent, filling process and composition optimization of carbon electrode materials were studied.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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