基于DSP的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 16:25

本文选题：直接转矩控制 + 定子磁链　；参考：《安徽工程大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机因其体积小、质量轻、构造简单、动态响应迅速以及功率因数高等优势被普遍应用于现代交流调速系统当中,在永磁材料研制水平、电力电子技术、电机制造水平与控制算法均取得卓越进步的基础上,以永磁同步电机作为执行元件的交流调速系统显现出巨大的研发优势和广阔的发展空间。伴随着这样的发展趋势,关于永磁同步电机控制理论的探索也不断取得重要的科研成果。直接转矩控制的思想在三相感应电动机的转矩控制中得到应用后并发展至今,已经成为高动态性能交流变频调速领域最常用的方法之一。但转矩脉动大、低速性能差等问题成为直接转矩控制技术实际应用于永磁同步电机交流调速系统之中首要的限制因素。本文重点围绕PMSM-DTC系统展开研究工作,就控制系统的基本原理特征与实现方案进行了分析、设计。首先,对永磁同步电机的结构特征与归类方式作了分析,并给出其在各个不同坐标系统中相应的数学模型。然后对PMSM-DTC系统的原理与主要特征进行了分析,在典型PMSM-DTC系统的基础上分析了PMSM-DTC系统当中固有的磁链和转矩脉动现象的成因。对零矢量在异步电机直接转矩控制与PMSM-DTC当中的控制作用进行了对比分析。此外,就零矢量在PMSM-DTC系统中对定子磁链和电磁转矩的控制作用分别进行了分析论证。并根据所得结论,运用占空比调制(DRM)的方式对PMSM-DTC系统的控制方案进行改进设计。在理论分析的基础上,构建了系统的仿真模型对方案的可行性及有效性进行了验证分析,仿真结果表明采用基于DRM的PMSM-DTC系统能够有效降低磁链和转矩的脉动,提升控制系统的性能。另外,本文从系统的数字化实现的角度设计了系统的硬件平台,.重点对以DSP为控制核心的系统相关电路进行了设计和介绍,并设计了基于DSP的PMSM-DTC系统主要的软件架构,给出了PMSM-DTC系统的主要程序设计流程图。结合软硬件平台进行实际调试验证,实验表明了系统方案与理论分析及仿真测试所得结论一致。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in modern AC speed regulation system because of its advantages of small size, light weight, simple structure, rapid dynamic response and high power factor. On the basis of the remarkable progress in motor manufacturing level and control algorithm, the AC speed regulating system with permanent magnet synchronous motor as the executive component shows great advantages in R & D and wide development space. Along with this development trend, the exploration of PMSM control theory has also made important scientific achievements. The idea of direct torque control (DTC) has been applied to the torque control of three-phase induction motor and has become one of the most common methods in the field of high dynamic performance AC variable frequency speed regulation. However, the problems of high torque ripple and low speed performance have become the primary limiting factors in the practical application of direct torque control (DTC) technology in PMSM AC speed regulation system. This paper focuses on the research work of PMSM-DTC system, and analyses and designs the basic principle and implementation of the control system. Firstly, the structure and classification of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are analyzed, and the mathematical models of PMSM in different coordinate systems are given. Then, the principle and main characteristics of PMSM-DTC system are analyzed. Based on the typical PMSM-DTC system, the causes of flux linkage and torque ripple in PMSM-DTC system are analyzed. The control effect of zero vector in direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor and PMSM-DTC is compared and analyzed. In addition, the control effect of zero vector on stator flux and electromagnetic torque in PMSM-DTC system is analyzed and demonstrated respectively. According to the conclusion, the control scheme of PMSM-DTC system is improved by using duty cycle modulation (DRM). Based on the theoretical analysis, the simulation model of the system is constructed to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme. The simulation results show that the PMSM-DTC system based on DRM can effectively reduce the ripple of flux and torque. Improve the performance of the control system. In addition, the hardware platform of the system is designed from the point of view of the digital realization of the system. The system related circuits with DSP as the control core are mainly designed and introduced. The main software architecture of PMSM-DTC system based on DSP is designed, and the main program flow chart of PMSM-DTC system is given. The experimental results show that the system scheme is consistent with the theoretical analysis and simulation test.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM341

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