分级花状材料在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-10 20:59

本文选题：染料敏化太阳电池 + 氧化锡　；参考：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)作为第三代太阳能电池,由于其成本低,无污染,工艺简单的优点而受到社会广泛关注。迄今,虽然利用TiO_2纳米晶薄膜作为DSSC的光阳极已经获得初步的成功,但是单纯的TiO_2纳米晶薄膜的光利用率较低且表面电荷复合大。因此,通过一种简单有效的方法来提高光阳极的光利用率,减少表面复合,从而提高DSSC的整体性能是一个重要的研究方向。本论文利用水热方法合成具有花状分级结构的TiO_2和SnO_2纳米材料,利用TEM、SEM、XRD和XPS等手段对所合成的花状TiO2、SnO2纳米材料的形貌、晶型和表面化学结构等参数进行系统表征,并根据不同水热反应时间下得到的形貌特征对花状TiO_2和SnO_2制备过程中的反应原理进行了分析验证,优化花状颗粒的制备工艺。将合成的花状TiO_2材料和P25粉末进行定量混合后,应用于染料敏化太阳能电池光阳极的散射层中。结果发现,表明利用合成的花状颗粒和P25粉末混合制备的光阳极散射层的漫反射能力对比纯P25光阳极有明显的提升,且比表面积和染料吸附量并没有由于花状颗粒的掺入而减少。而EIS的测试结果也表明通过这些花状颗粒的掺入可以有效改善了电子传输速率。最终使电池性能得到明显提高。同时,我们将不同反应条件下合成的SnO_2花状颗粒也用于DSSC光散射层中,并研究了散射颗粒形貌对电池性能的影响。结果表明,花状SnO_2颗粒作为散射颗粒可以减小电子传输过程中的复合,此时,组成花状SnO_2的棒晶越完整,电子的传输阻力越小。最终,花状SnO_2制备的DSSC效率达到6.71%。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), as the third generation solar cells, have attracted wide attention due to their advantages of low cost, no pollution and simple process. Up to now, TiO-2 nanocrystalline thin films have been successfully used as photoanode for DSSC, but the light utilization ratio of TiO-2 nanocrystalline thin films is low and the surface charge recombination is large. Therefore, it is an important research direction to improve the optical efficiency of photoanode and reduce the surface recombination by a simple and effective method to improve the overall performance of DSSC. In this paper, TIO _ 2 and SnO _ 2 nanomaterials with flower-like grading structure were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The morphology, crystal structure and surface chemical structure of the nano-materials were systematically characterized by means of TEM, SEM, XRD and XPS. According to the morphology characteristics obtained under different hydrothermal reaction time, the reaction principle of the flower-like TiOs _ 2 and Sno _ 2 was analyzed and verified, and the preparation process of the flower-like particles was optimized. The synthesized TiO-2 and P25 powder were mixed quantitatively and then used in the scattering layer of the photoanode of the dye sensitized solar cell. The results show that the diffuse reflectance of the photoanodic scattering layer prepared by using the synthesized flower-like particles and P25 powder is obviously improved compared with the pure P25 photocathode. The specific surface area and dye adsorption amount were not decreased by the incorporation of flower-like particles. The EIS results also show that the electron transport rate can be improved by the incorporation of these flower-like particles. Finally, the battery performance is improved obviously. At the same time, the Sno _ 2 floral particles synthesized under different reaction conditions were also used in the light scattering layer of DSSC, and the effect of the morphology of the scattering particles on the performance of the cells was studied. The results show that the Sno _ 2 particles as scattering particles can reduce the recombination in the electron transport process. In this case, the more complete the rod crystal is, the smaller the electron transport resistance is. Finally, the efficiency of DSSC prepared by Sno _ 2 was 6.71%.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM914.4

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