雾霾环境下输变电设备外绝缘特性研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 04:30

本文选题：雾霾 + 绝缘子　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济的迅猛发展必然会给环境带来一定的负面影响。近年来,我国大面积出现雾霾天气,且持续时间长。雾霾天气在危害着人类健康的同时,也对电网输变电设备外绝缘造成了不可忽视的影响。即使是具有独特憎水性的复合材料绝缘子,长时间暴露在雾霾环境中也会频繁的发生闪络事故。且由雾霾环境导致的绝缘子闪络事故波及范围广,停电时间长,给国民经济带来巨大损失。因此对绝缘子在雾霾环境下闪络成因进行分析具有学术意义和一定的实用价值。本文首先对辽宁典型污染地区的雾霾成分及其理化特性进行分析。根据所得数据,在配有数据监测系统的雾霾模拟实验箱中模拟雾霾环境,对不同种类的绝缘子进行积污实验、纯雾条件下的交流闪络实验及雾霾条件下的交流闪络实验。并用高速摄像仪记录复合绝缘子的闪络路径。最后利用有限元分析软件对10kV复合绝缘子表面有、无雾滴和有水膜的几种情况进行电场仿真,分析不同条件下绝缘子表面电场分布的变化。根据模拟雾霾的积污实验,探究不同类型绝缘子在表面干净和已积污两种条件下的积污特性。其结果表明:雾霾环境促进了绝缘子表面的积污,且对表面已染污绝缘子的二次积污作用更加明显。绝缘子上表面积污量大于下表面。且环境湿度越大,积污速度越快。同等条件下,复合绝缘子表面充分受潮时间约为瓷绝缘子的3.5倍。纯雾条件下的交流闪络试验结果表明:空气中雾水含量低时,雾水电导率对绝缘子闪络电压作用不明显;随着雾水含量增加,增大雾水电导率对绝缘子闪络电压作用明显。对于表面洁净的复合绝缘子,空间雾水消散后发生空间击穿的概率明显增加。通过对纯雾和雾霾两种条件下交流实验数据的对比分析,结果表明:干净复合绝缘子在其注塑留痕处发生起弧和闪络的概率较高。而对表面积有污秽成分的绝缘子进行试验,该痕迹对绝缘子闪络影响不大。雾霾条件下复合绝缘子的闪络电压值低于纯雾情况。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy will inevitably bring some negative effects to the environment. In recent years, a large area of smog weather appeared in China, and the duration is long. Smog weather not only endangers human health, but also influences the external insulation of power transmission and transformation equipment. Even composite insulators with unique hydrophobicity often experience flashover accidents when exposed to smog for a long time. The insulator flashover accident caused by smog environment has a wide range and long blackout, which brings huge losses to the national economy. Therefore, it is of academic significance and practical value to analyze the causes of flashover of insulators in haze environment. In this paper, the composition and physicochemical properties of smog in typical polluted areas of Liaoning Province are analyzed. According to the obtained data, the smog environment was simulated in the smog simulation test box with data monitoring system. The pollution accumulation experiments of different insulators, AC flashover experiments under pure fog and AC flashover experiments under smog conditions were carried out. The flashover path of composite insulator was recorded with high speed camera. At last, the electric field of 10kV composite insulator is simulated with finite element analysis software. The change of electric field distribution on the surface of 10kV composite insulator is analyzed under different conditions. Based on the experiments of simulated smog deposition, the fouling characteristics of different types of insulators under two conditions of clean and contaminated surfaces were investigated. The results show that smog environment promotes the fouling of insulator surface, and the secondary fouling effect of contaminated insulator on the surface is more obvious. The upper surface area of insulator is larger than that of lower surface. And the higher the environmental humidity, the faster the accumulation of pollution. Under the same conditions, the time of fully moisturizing the surface of composite insulator is about 3.5 times as long as that of porcelain insulator. The results of AC flashover test under pure fog condition show that the effect of fog water conductivity on insulator flashover voltage is not obvious when the content of foggy water in air is low, and with the increase of fog water content, the effect of fog water conductivity on insulator flashover voltage is obvious. For the composite insulator with clean surface, the probability of space breakdown increases obviously after the fog dissipates. By comparing and analyzing the experimental data of pure fog and smog, the results show that the probability of arcing and flashover of clean composite insulators is higher than that of pure fog and smog. However, the insulators with polluted surface area have little effect on insulator flashover. The flashover voltage of composite insulator under smog is lower than that of pure fog.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM216

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