基于多孔碳及其复合材料的柔性超级电容器的研究

发布时间：2018-06-16 22:56

本文选题：多孔碳 + 超级电容器　；参考：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：最近,探索新型碳材料来提高电化学表现对于在能量存储系统中的实际应用来说十分重要。正如我们所知道的,多孔碳超级电容器拥有很高的能量密度、更快的充放电速度和更长的寿命被认为是一个很有意义的能量存储设备。多孔碳凭借其较高的表面积和优秀的稳定性已经吸引了很多研究人员的关注。除此之外,较高的导电性也可以通过大量的孔得到,因为其可为电子在电解质和电子之间提供快速传输的通道。而且,赝电容材料能够在测试过程中通过氧化还原反应吸收大量的电子。本文的创新点主要有以下两个方面。首先,我们设计了介孔碳/聚苯胺结构的超级电容器。此结构尝试将介孔碳的高表面积、优秀的导电率和聚苯胺的氧化还原反应相结合来提高超级电容的电化学表现。我们对材料的结构,形貌和超级电容器的电化学表现分别进行研究。此实验显示介孔碳有粗糙的表面并且我们在TEM测试下能够清楚的看到多孔结构。拉曼测试显示介孔碳的ID/IG的比例为0.7,与此同时其大的比表面积显示其拥有较好的双电层电容表现。而且,这电化学测试显示介孔碳和聚苯胺为电容作出了很大的贡献,这种材料结构拥有更大的潜力应用到超级电容中。其次,我们合成了铁掺杂石墨化多孔碳/碳纳米管复合物,其主要目的是将孔结构和管式结构相结合来提高表面积。首先,我们在6 mol L-1 KOH、3 mol L-1KOH、1 mol L-1 Na2SO4三种电解质下对电化学性能测试,结果显示其在6 mol L-1KOH电解质中展现出很好的电化学性能。其次,我们在铁掺杂石墨化多孔碳的基础之上合成了铁掺杂石墨化多孔碳、碳纳米管质量比为(8:1)、(6:1)、(4:1)复合物,其目的就是找到最恰当的比例去合成材料最好的形貌、结构和超级电容最好的电化学表现。研究显示(6:1)拥有最好的形貌并且其表面拥有大量均匀的碳纳米管,这能够提高导电性和稳定性。而且,它的电化学表现是另外两种物质的两倍,这意味着恰当的碳纳米管数量不仅提高了电子的传输速度,而且也拥有更高的表面积。
[Abstract]:Recently, exploring new carbon materials to improve electrochemical performance is very important for practical applications in energy storage systems. As we know, porous carbon supercapacitors with high energy density, faster charge and discharge speed and longer life are considered to be a significant energy storage device. Porous carbon has attracted the attention of many researchers because of its high surface area and excellent stability. In addition, higher electrical conductivity can be obtained through a large number of holes, because it can provide a rapid transmission of electrons between electrolytes and electrons. Moreover, the pseudo-capacitance material can absorb a large number of electrons by redox reaction. The innovation of this paper mainly has the following two aspects. Firstly, a mesoporous carbon / Polyaniline supercapacitor is designed. This structure attempts to improve the electrochemical performance of super capacitors by combining the high surface area of mesoporous carbon, excellent conductivity and the redox reaction of Polyaniline. We studied the structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. The results show that the mesoporous carbon has rough surface and we can clearly see the porous structure by TEM. Raman measurements show that the ratio of ID-IG of mesoporous carbon is 0.7, while its large specific surface area shows that it has a good performance of double-layer capacitance. Furthermore, the electrochemical measurements show that mesoporous carbon and Polyaniline make a great contribution to the capacitance, and the structure of this material has greater potential to be applied to super capacitors. Secondly, we synthesized Fe-doped graphitized porous carbon / carbon nanotube composites, the main purpose of which is to combine the pore structure with the tubular structure to improve the surface area. First, we tested the electrochemical properties of 6 mol L-1 Koh 3 mol L -1 Koh 1 mol L -1 Na 2SO 4 electrolytes. The results showed that the electrochemical properties of Koh electrolytes were very good in 6 mol L-1 Koh electrolytes. Secondly, on the basis of iron doped graphitized porous carbon, we have synthesized the iron-doped graphitized porous carbon, the mass ratio of carbon nanotubes is 8: 1: 6: 1 / 4: 1), the purpose of which is to find the most appropriate proportion to synthesize the best morphology of the material. Structure and super capacitor best electrochemical performance. The results show that 6: 1) has the best morphology and a large number of uniform carbon nanotubes on its surface, which can improve the conductivity and stability. Moreover, its electrochemical performance is twice as high as that of the other two substances, which means that the appropriate number of carbon nanotubes not only increases the speed of electron transport, but also has a higher surface area.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM53

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