生物相容性纳米发电机的制备及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 01:55

本文选题：生物相容性 + 复合薄膜　；参考：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纳米发电机作为一种新型绿色能源具有很大的发展潜力,其自驱动的优势可以促进植入式医学的发展,同时还可以应用于风力发电,提高生活品质。能源供给是植入式医疗器件应用的关键,现有电池供电会因电能耗尽使病人面临再次手术的风险。生物相容性摩擦纳米发电机(BCTENG)的发展为该问题的解决提供了新方法。近年来,通过选择生物相容性材料和对极板表面进行微观结构设计,使BCTENG获得了良好的输出性能。如何进一步优化纳米发电机(NG)的材料和结构来提高其输出效率、增加应用价值是亟待解决的问题。为此本文针对植入式纳米发电机提出了用乙基纤维素(EC)和317L医用不锈钢(317L SS)做极板,分别用ICP蚀刻和光刻法对两极板进行微加工制备摩擦纳米发电机(TENG),并测试了经模拟体液浸泡后的输出变化。通过对极板复合薄膜的研究,控制了发电机极板的降解速率、提高了韧性。本文探索了一些简单、廉价的增大表面摩擦的方法,如激光加工法和热压溶解法。针对当前的环境和发电机的应用问题,提出以乙基纤维素和聚乙烯为摩擦材料制备风力纳米发电机。结果如下:1.将317L医用不锈钢、乙基纤维素(EC)作为摩擦材料制备生物相容性TENG。通过光刻技术和ICP蚀刻技术在不锈钢、乙基纤维素表面设计微纳阵列结构以增强摩擦层的摩擦效率。自行研制了一种动摩擦因数的测试装置,结果证明,表面微观处理后的发电机的性能得到显著提升,电压和电流可以分别达到245 V和50μA,可以驱动18个发光二极管发光。317L SS-EC TENG经模拟体液长时间浸泡后,完全干燥的情况下输出效率基本保持稳定;在潮湿状态下,由于离子在电势场的作用下发生移动,会大幅度提高TENG的输出效率,短路电流最高可达145μA。2.乙基纤维素降解较快,韧性较差;聚乳酸不仅具有优良的力学性能,而且可以降低降解速率。为满足医用的降解速率及力学性能,将乙基纤维素和聚乳酸做成复合薄膜。当聚乳酸的质量分数Wt(P L A)为40%~50%时,力学性能较佳。复合薄膜的亲水性和降解速度会随着乙基纤维素质量分数Wt(E C)的增加而增加。为获得较低的降解速率及良好的拉伸性能,选择Wt(P L A)的范围在33%~41%之间。结果证明,当Wt(PLA)为35%时纳米发电机有最好的输出效率。通过热压溶解法对复合膜表面进行微加工可以得到纳米级的孔隙,采用激光加工法处理不锈钢表面既可以得到10μm左右的凸起,又可以产生纳米级的毛化现象,并且热压溶解法和激光加工都具有耗时短、廉价易操作、成功率高的特点。3.用乙基纤维素和聚乙烯为摩擦材料制备风力纳米发电机。风车结构的纳米发电机具有良好的输出效率,制备的最佳发电机的开路电压200 V,短路电流65μA,能驱使50个发光二极管发光,将其制备成日行灯,有良好的商业价值。
[Abstract]:Nano-generator as a new green energy has great development potential, its self-driving advantages can promote the development of implantable medicine, but also can be used in wind power generation, improve the quality of life. Energy supply is the key to the application of implantable medical devices. The development of biocompatibility friction nano generator BCTENGprovides a new method for solving this problem. In recent years, BCTENG has achieved good output performance by selecting biocompatible materials and designing the microstructures of the plate surface. How to further optimize the material and structure of nano-generator to improve its output efficiency and increase the application value is an urgent problem. In this paper, we propose using ethyl cellulose (EC) and 317L medical stainless steel (317L SS) as polar plates for implanted nano-generators. The friction nanocrystalline generator (Teng) was fabricated by ICP etching and photolithography respectively. The output changes after immersion in simulated body fluid were measured. The degradation rate of generator plate was controlled and the toughness was improved by studying the composite film. In this paper, some simple and cheap methods for increasing surface friction, such as laser processing and hot pressing solution, are explored. In view of the current environment and the application of generators, a new method for preparing wind power nanogenerators using ethyl cellulose and polyethylene as friction materials is proposed. The result is as follows: 1. 317L medical stainless steel and ethyl cellulose (EC) were used as friction materials to prepare biocompatible TENGs. In order to enhance the friction efficiency of the friction layer, microarrays were designed on the surface of stainless steel and ethyl cellulose by means of photolithography and ICP etching. A measuring device for dynamic friction coefficient has been developed. The results show that the performance of the generator after micro-treatment has been greatly improved. The voltage and current can reach 245 V and 50 渭 A, respectively, which can drive 18 light-emitting diodes (LEDs). 317L SS-EC TENG is immersed in simulated body fluid for a long time, and the output efficiency is basically stable under the condition of complete drying. Because the ion moves under the action of the potential field, the output efficiency of TENG will be greatly improved, and the short-circuit current can reach 145 渭 A. 2. Polylactic acid not only has good mechanical properties, but also can reduce the degradation rate. In order to meet the degradation rate and mechanical properties of medical materials, ethylcellulose and polylactic acid were made into composite films. When the mass fraction of polylactic acid (Wtlactic acid) is 40 ~ 50, the mechanical properties are better. The hydrophilicity and degradation rate of the composite films increase with the increase of the mass fraction of ethyl cellulose. In order to obtain low degradation rate and good tensile properties, the range of WtTU P LA) was between 33% and 41%. The results show that the nanometer generator has the best output efficiency when the WtTX PLA is 35. Nanoscale pores can be obtained by micromachining the surface of composite film by hot pressing solution method. The surface of stainless steel treated by laser processing can not only get about 10 渭 m bulge, but also produce nano-scale wool phenomenon. And the hot pressing dissolution method and laser processing have the characteristics of short time consuming, low cost and easy operation, and high success rate. 3. The wind power nano generator was prepared by using ethyl cellulose and polyethylene as friction materials. The nano generator with windmill structure has good output efficiency. The optimal generator has an open circuit voltage of 200 V and a short circuit current of 65 渭 A. it can drive 50 light-emitting diodes to light, and it has good commercial value.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM31;TB383.1

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