固体氧化物燃料电池中的陶瓷材料

发布时间：2018-06-18 08:23

本文选题：固体氧化物燃料电池 + 氧离子导体　；参考：《硅酸盐学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)也称为陶瓷燃料电池,其关键组成电解质、阴极和阳极均为陶瓷氧化物材料。致密电解质薄膜材料是核心,主要是(纯)氧离子导体,其电导率依赖于氧化物中的氧离子空位传导,氧空位主要来源于氧化物中低价金属离子掺杂;工业上主要使用萤石结构Y_2O_3掺杂的ZrO_2(YSZ)和Sc_2O_3掺杂的ZrO_2(ScSZ),更高氧离子电导率的材料包括掺杂的CeO_2、δ-Bi_2O_3和掺杂的LaGaO_3钙钛矿材料,有望在中低温下使用。电极都是多孔陶瓷材料,同时具有氧离子传导和电子传导性能。工业上阳极主要采用Ni-YSZ多孔金属陶瓷,具有混合离子电子导电性(MIEC)的钙钛矿材料是现在的研究热点。工业上阴极材料主要是掺杂LaMnO_3和YSZ复合陶瓷,在高温下具有良好的电化学性能和稳定性;中高温范围内被认可的材料是掺杂LaFeO_3基钙钛矿材料,以La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.2)Fe_(0.8)O_3-δ为代表,具有良好的电化学活性和稳定性;优化材料组分和结构仍然是阴极材料的研究重点,也是SOFC领域必须突破的重要方向。
[Abstract]:Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is also called ceramic fuel cell. Its key component electrolyte, cathode and anode are ceramic oxide materials. Dense electrolyte thin film material is the core, mainly is (pure) oxygen ion conductor, its conductivity depends on the oxygen ion vacancy conduction in the oxide, the oxygen vacancy mainly comes from the low valence metal ion doping in the oxide; In industry, the fluorite structure is mainly used for the use of the fluorite structure: Ys _ s _ 2O _ 3-doped ZrO _ 2S _ (ZZ) and ScS _ 2O _ 3 doped ZrO _ 2 / S _ (ZZ), and the materials with higher oxygen ion conductivity include the doped CEO _ (2), 未 -BiBi _ 2O _ 3 and doped LaGaO _ 3 perovskite materials, which are expected to be used at medium and low temperatures. The electrodes are porous ceramic materials and have the properties of oxygen ion conduction and electron conduction. Ni-YSZ porous cermet is the main anode in industry, and the perovskite material with mixed ion electron conductivity (MIEC) is a hot research topic. The cathode materials in industry are mainly LaMnO _ 3 and YSZ composite ceramics, and have good electrochemical performance and stability at high temperature. It has good electrochemical activity and stability, and the optimization of material composition and structure is still the focus of cathode materials, and it is also an important direction in the field of SOFC.
【作者单位】：清华大学热能工程系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室;清华东莞创新中心;
【基金】：国家重大研发计划(2017YFB0601903) 北京市百名领军人才项目(Z151100000315031) 山西省科技厅项目(MD2014-08) 东莞市引进创新科研团队(201460720100025) 清华大学自主科研计划(2015THZ0)
【分类号】：TM911.4

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