燃煤电厂烟气余热利用节能及环保技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 08:29

本文选题：燃煤电厂 + 烟气余热利用　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：节约资源和保护环境是中国的基本国策,由于“富煤、贫油、少气”的能源资源禀赋,中国在形成以煤炭为主的一次能源消费结构的同时,也带来了烟尘、SO2、NOx等大气污染物排放问题,加快推进煤炭清洁高效利用,是立足国情实现节约资源和保护环境的重要举措。在中国煤炭消费结构中,发电用煤占煤炭消费总量的50%,是最主要的煤炭利用方式。河北省是中国煤炭消费和煤电装机大省,也是PM2.5等大气污染最严重的地区,煤炭年消费量在3亿吨左右,位居全国各省前茅,其中火力发电用煤在1亿吨左右,占河北省煤炭消费总量的33%左右。尽管燃煤发电是当前煤炭最清洁高效的利用方式,但煤炭的大量利用也带来了大气污染问题。同时,由于煤炭的不可再生性,提高煤炭利用效率,减少锅炉排烟热损失,已成为洁净煤发电技术中重要的研究方向。论文以河北省某300MW燃煤热电机组为研究对象,进行了烟气余热利用技术研究、节能减排效果分析和工程示范。研究结果表明,采用烟气余热利用技术具有较好的节能和减排效果,机组供电煤耗下降1.55g/k Wh,可年节约标煤量2377吨,年减少耗水量21.80万吨。电除尘效率由99.83%提高到99.90%,静电除尘器出口的烟尘排放浓度由改造前的17mg/m3降至11.68 mg/m3,年减少烟尘排放量约31.1吨。燃煤机组节能减排的技术研究和工程实践,是立足中国资源禀赋和环境约束条件下,煤炭消费和煤电装机大省实现煤炭清洁高效利用的有效途径,对于改善河北省乃至中国的大气环境质量具有积极地促进作用。
[Abstract]:Saving resources and protecting the environment is China's basic national policy. Because of its energy resources, which are rich in coal, lean oil and less gas, China has formed a primary energy consumption structure dominated by coal. It also brings about the emission problem of atmospheric pollutants such as soot and soot so _ 2 / no _ x and accelerates the clean and efficient utilization of coal. It is an important measure to save resources and protect the environment based on the national conditions. In the coal consumption structure of China, coal for power generation accounts for 50% of the total coal consumption, which is the most important way of coal utilization. Hebei Province is a major province of coal consumption and coal power installation in China, as well as the most seriously polluted area such as PM2.5. The annual coal consumption is about 300 million tons, ranking among the top provinces in the country, in which coal for thermal power generation is about 100 million tons. It accounts for 33% of the total coal consumption in Hebei Province. Although coal-fired power generation is the cleanest and most efficient way to use coal, the massive use of coal also brings air pollution. At the same time, it has become an important research direction in clean coal power generation technology to improve the efficiency of coal utilization and reduce the heat loss of boiler exhaust gas due to the non-renewable nature of coal. Taking a 300MW coal-fired thermoelectric unit in Hebei Province as the research object, the technology of flue gas waste heat utilization, the analysis of energy saving and emission reduction effect and the engineering demonstration are carried out. The results show that the technology of waste heat utilization of flue gas has better energy saving and emission reduction effect, and the coal consumption of the unit can be reduced by 2377 tons per year, and the water consumption by 218000 tons per year. The efficiency of electrostatic precipitator is increased from 99.83% to 99.90%. The smoke emission concentration at the outlet of electrostatic precipitator is reduced from 17mg/m3 to 11.68 mg / m ~ (3), and the annual smoke emission is reduced by 31.1 tons. The technical research and engineering practice of energy saving and emission reduction of coal-fired units is an effective way to realize the clean and efficient utilization of coal based on China's resource endowment and environmental constraints. It plays an active role in improving the atmospheric environmental quality in Hebei province and even in China.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM621;TK115

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