永磁自旋式新型机械变磁通永磁电机设计与调磁机理研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:24

本文选题：永磁电机 + 机械调磁　；参考：《江西理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对永磁电机的气隙磁场难以灵活调节的问题,本文将机械调磁方式引入永磁电机中,并结合内置式永磁同步电机的优点,创新性地提出一种永磁自旋式新型机械变磁通永磁电机。该类电机为内置式永磁同步电机和机械调磁装置的综合体,在克服现有机械调磁电机不足的同时,将具有结构简单、运行可靠、转矩密度高及磁场调节能力好等诸多优点。本文在研究该新型电机的工作原理及调磁机理的基础上,利用虚拟样机技术,展开机械动力学仿真;通过ANSYS/Maxwell中稳态磁场和瞬态磁场计算,分析电机的电磁特性以及磁场调节能力。本文主要研究工作及成果如下:(1)电机的本体结构与工作原理。在丰田Prius 2004电动汽车用内置式永磁电机的基础上,将圆柱形永磁体替代其长方形永磁体,通过改变永磁体充磁方向,削弱电机主磁通和改变电机内部气隙磁场的分布。(2)机械调磁装置结构与工作原理。提出了两种机械调磁装置,其一为实现每极下永磁体自旋转的机械调磁装置,另一种为半数极下永磁体自旋转的机械调磁装置。机械调磁装置的工作原理为当机械调磁装置与转子同步旋转时,机械调磁装置中的滑块将产生离心力,推动齿轮自旋转。齿轮与永磁体之间存在传动连杆,齿轮自旋转将带动永磁体自旋转。(3)机械设计与动力学仿真。对所提出的机械调磁装置中的各个部件进行参数设计,使机械调磁装置中的各部件能实现连续性传动;利用虚拟样机技术,对机械调磁装置进行机械动力学仿真分析,得到了不同转速下弹簧形变量,弹簧形变量与齿轮的自旋转弧度相等。(4)机械设计与动力学仿真。对所提出的机械调磁装置中的各个部件进行参数设计,使机械调磁装置中的各部件能实现连续性传动;利用虚拟样机技术,对机械调磁装置进行机械动力学仿真分析,得到了不同转速下弹簧形变量,弹簧形变量与齿轮的自旋转弧度相等。(5)电机电磁特性分析。分析计算了电机在基速时无调磁、基速以上4极和8极永磁体自旋转的电磁特性,如磁场分布、气隙磁通密度、绕组磁链、感应电动势、绕组自感与互感、直交轴电感以及电机损耗,获得了永磁体自旋转角度与弱磁效果的关系。分析表明:通过机械调磁装置的作用,可以有效调节电机内部磁场,达到恒压发电的效果,验证了电机设计的合理性。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem that the air-gap magnetic field of permanent magnet motor is difficult to adjust flexibly, this paper introduces the mechanical magnetic adjustment method into the permanent magnet motor and combines the advantages of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor. A new type of permanent magnet spin-type mechanical variable flux permanent magnet motor is proposed. This kind of motor is a complex of built-in permanent magnet synchronous motor and mechanical magnetic adjusting device. It will have many advantages such as simple structure, reliable operation, high torque density and good adjusting ability of magnetic field. On the basis of studying the working principle and magnetic adjusting mechanism of the new motor, this paper makes use of the virtual prototype technology to develop the mechanical dynamics simulation, and calculates the steady and transient magnetic field in ANSYS / Maxwell. Analysis of the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor and the ability to adjust the magnetic field. The main research work and results are as follows: (1) the structure and working principle of motor. On the basis of the built-in permanent magnet motor used in the Toyota Prius 2004 electric vehicle, the cylindrical permanent magnet is replaced by the rectangular permanent magnet, and by changing the direction of the permanent magnet, Weakening the main flux of the motor and changing the distribution of the air-gap magnetic field in the motor. (2) the structure and working principle of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device. Two kinds of mechanical magnetic adjusting devices are proposed. One is the mechanical magnetic adjusting device for realizing the self-rotation of the permanent magnet at each pole, the other is the mechanical magnetic adjusting device for the self-rotation of the permanent magnet at the half pole. The working principle of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device is that when the mechanical magnetic adjusting device rotates synchronously with the rotor, the slider in the mechanical magnetic adjusting device will produce centrifugal force and promote the gear self-rotation. There is a transmission link between the gear and the permanent magnet, and the self-rotation of the gear will drive the self-rotation of the permanent magnet. (3) Mechanical design and dynamic simulation. The parameters of each component of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device are designed to make the components of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device realize continuous transmission, and the mechanical dynamics simulation analysis of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device is carried out by using the virtual prototype technology. The spring-shaped variables at different rotational speeds are equal to the self-rotating radians of gears. (4) Mechanical design and dynamic simulation. The parameters of each component of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device are designed to make the components of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device realize continuous transmission, and the mechanical dynamics simulation analysis of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device is carried out by using the virtual prototype technology. The spring-shaped variable at different rotational speeds is equal to the self-rotating radians of the gear. (5) the electromagnetic characteristics of the motor are analyzed. The electromagnetic characteristics such as magnetic field distribution, air gap flux density, winding flux chain, inductive electromotive force, winding self-inductance and mutual inductance are analyzed and calculated. The relationship between the self-rotating angle of permanent magnet and the weak magnetic effect is obtained by direct axis inductance and motor loss. The analysis shows that the internal magnetic field of the motor can be adjusted effectively by the action of the mechanical magnetic adjusting device, and the effect of constant voltage power generation can be achieved, which verifies the rationality of the motor design.
【学位授予单位】：江西理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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