微网中V2G控制运行策略

发布时间：2018-07-04 14:28

本文选题：电动汽车 + V2G　；参考：《天津理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着化石能源的日趋紧张、动力储能电池技术的不断发展以及低碳时代的到来,电动汽车已成为新能源领域的重要发展方向,是解决能源和环境问题的重要手段。电动汽车以零油耗、零污染的特点得到大力发展。但是随着电动汽车大规模的接入及其随机充放电的行为,给电力系统尤其接入新能源的微网带来了一系列影响,使得微网安全运行受到更大的不确定因素。车网互动技术(Vehicle to Grid,V2G)的概念的提出可以有效的缓解电动汽车随机充放电对微网带来的问题,其核心思想就是利用大量电动汽车的储能源作为微网的缓冲,利用充放电系统作为中间媒介,采用合理的微网变流器控制策略和优化运行方式实现微网功率平衡,实现微网可靠运行。本文以电动汽车为研究对象,结合微网作为场景,主要的研究内容如下:1、本文介绍了V2G充放电系统的两级变换器的系统结构图,对它的工作原理进行了详细的描述,建立了AC/DC和DC/DC的动态数学模型。针对所建立的数学模型,在此基础上设计线性自抗扰控制器(Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Controller,LADRC)分别作为两级变换器的双环控制中的电压环控制器,并加入相关模型信息。利用LADRC抗扰特性强的特点,在充放电切换过程中保持各级电压稳定,并且还可作为微网孤网电压和频率支撑。LADRC是一个反馈系统,其本质问题是系统的稳定性。而对于一个级联系统的稳定性的分析是十分复杂的,本文利用阻抗比判据,通过建立包含控制器在内的两级系统的输入输出阻抗,论述了LADRC在充放电系统的阻抗性能要优于PI控制。最后搭建matlab仿真模型,并给出了对比,验证了LADRC的优越性。2、电动汽车的大量接入且随机充电,会使微网等效负荷曲线恶化,影响微网的正常运行。本文建立了以微网功率波动方差、运行成本和电动汽车充放电花费为目标的含电动汽车微网运行调度模型,并采用多目标粒子群算法进行模型求解。通过优化对比分析,得出电动汽车的V2G调度能作为移动储能有效的减小微网的功率波动,有利于提高微网的可靠经济运行。
[Abstract]:With the increasing tension of fossil energy, the continuous development of power energy storage battery technology and the arrival of low-carbon era, electric vehicles have become an important direction of development in the field of new energy, and an important means to solve energy and environmental problems. Electric vehicles with zero fuel consumption, zero pollution characteristics have been vigorously developed. However, with the large-scale access of electric vehicles and the behavior of random charging and discharging, it has brought a series of effects to the power system, especially to the micro-grid of new energy, which makes the safe operation of the micro-grid subject to more uncertain factors. The concept of vehicle to griddle V2G can effectively alleviate the problem caused by random charge and discharge of electric vehicle to the microgrid. Its core idea is to use a large number of electric vehicle energy storage as the buffer of microgrid. The charging and discharging system is used as the intermediate medium, and the control strategy and optimal operation mode of the microgrid converter are adopted to realize the power balance of the microgrid and to realize the reliable operation of the microgrid. This paper takes the electric vehicle as the research object, combines the microgrid as the scene, the main research contents are as follows: 1. This paper introduces the system structure diagram of the V2G charging and discharging system, and describes its working principle in detail. The dynamic mathematical models of AC / DC and DC / DC are established. Based on the established mathematical model, the linear Active disturbance rejection controller (LADRC) is designed as the voltage loop controller in the two-loop control of the two-stage converter, and the related model information is added. By taking advantage of the strong anti-disturbance characteristic of LADRC, all levels of voltage are kept stable during charge-discharge switching. LADRC can also be used as the voltage and frequency support of microgrid solitary.LADRC is a feedback system, the essential problem of which is the stability of the system. The analysis of the stability of a cascade system is very complicated. In this paper, the input and output impedance of a two-stage system, including the controller, is established by using the impedance ratio criterion. The impedance performance of LADRC in charge / discharge system is better than that of Pi control. Finally, the simulation model of matlab is built, and the comparison is given to verify the superiority of LADRC. The large access and random charging of electric vehicle will worsen the equivalent load curve of microgrid and affect the normal operation of microgrid. In this paper, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the micro-grid scheduling model with the objectives of power fluctuation variance, running cost and charge and discharge cost of electric vehicle. Through the optimization and contrast analysis, it is concluded that the V2G scheduling of electric vehicles can effectively reduce the power fluctuation of the microgrid as a mobile energy storage, and is helpful to improve the reliable economic operation of the microgrid.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM727

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