基于交流微电网的蓄电池管理系统及储能控制策略设计

发布时间：2018-07-05 07:50

本文选题：并网 + 储能控制策略　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于能源需求的增加,全球变暖,有限的能源资源,不断增长的能源依赖性都迫切要求传统电网架构,改变已有的模式,转向新能源的模式。由可再生能源进行发电的微网系统具有效率高,无污染,低损耗,并提高系统稳定性等诸多优点,所以正大量投入使用。但是大量微网接入配电网不仅会造成配电网不稳定,而且在用电低谷期,还会造成配电网无力消耗微网系统输送的多余电量。为保证微电网并网运行的安全性、经济性,本文基于电池荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC)、配电网用电的峰平谷时段、以及短期负荷预测设计了并网储能控制策略,实现了微网并网运行的经济性与安全性以及对配电网的削峰填谷。设计并实现了电池管理系统(Battery Management System,BMS),重点研究对电池SOC的估算,为微网储能控制策略提供数据依据。主要研究内容包括:(1)三相交流微网储能系统设计。针对微网中的储能架构增加BMS,实时监测电池状态,为储能控制策略提供数据依据。(2)实现了电池SOC估算。研究扩展卡尔曼(Extended Kalman Filter,EKF)算法和无迹卡尔曼(Unscented Kalman Filter,UKF)算法,将两种算法应用于电池SOC的估算,并引入电流和温度影响因素。采用MATLAB仿真实现,对其性能进行了比较。经验证,EKF与UKF算法,跟踪效果好,误差小,估算准确。但是,相比EKF,UKF算法更稳定,误差更小,效果更佳。(3)BMS的设计与实现。完成了单体电池电压、温度、电流的采集,并对电池进行耗散型均衡保护,故障检测,并实现BMS与上位机之间的通信。BMS不仅实现对电池的保护,同时也为微电网储能控制策略提供数据支撑。(4)并网储能系统控制策略设计。基于配电网用电峰谷时期,电池SOC,以及短期负荷预测进行并网储能系统控制策略设计。根据电网用电峰平谷时期以及电池SOC决定电池的充放电状态;根据短期负荷预测决定充放电的功率大小。实现在用电高峰期时,尽量向配电网售电,以获得经济效益;在用电低谷期时尽量从配电网购电,储存起来;在用电平时段,根据下一时段用电情况,选择相应的策略。既实现了电网的经济稳定运行,保证电池的安全,也对配电网起到了一定的削峰填谷的作用。
[Abstract]:Due to the increase of energy demand, global warming, limited energy resources and increasing energy dependence, the traditional grid architecture is urgently required to change the existing mode and switch to the new energy model. The microgrid system which is generated by renewable energy has many advantages, such as high efficiency, no pollution, low loss, and improving the stability of the system, so it is being widely used. However, a large number of microgrid connections will not only cause instability of distribution network, but also lead to the inability of distribution network to consume the excess power delivered by microgrid system during the low period of power consumption. In order to ensure the safety and economy of microgrid operation, this paper designs a grid-connected energy storage control strategy based on State of charge SOC, peak and valley period of distribution network power consumption, and short-term load forecasting. The economy and security of microgrid operation and the peak cutting and valley filling of distribution network are realized. The Battery Management system (BMS) is designed and implemented, and the estimation of battery SOC is studied in order to provide the data basis for the control strategy of microgrid energy storage. The main contents are as follows: (1) Design of three-phase AC micro-grid energy storage system. BMSs are added to the energy storage architecture in the microgrid, and the battery status is monitored in real time. (2) the SOC estimation of the battery is realized. The extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm are studied. The two algorithms are applied to the estimation of the SOC of the battery, and the influence factors of current and temperature are introduced. MATLAB simulation is used to compare its performance. It is proved that the EKF and UKF algorithms have good tracking effect, small error and accurate estimation. However, compared with the EKF UKF algorithm, the algorithm is more stable, with less error and better effect. (3) the design and implementation of BMS. The collection of voltage, temperature and current of single cell is completed, and the dissipative equalization protection, fault detection and communication between BMS and host computer are realized, which can not only protect the battery, but also protect the battery. It also provides data support for energy storage control strategy of microgrid. (4) Design of control strategy for grid-connected energy storage system. The control strategy of grid-connected energy storage system is designed based on the peak and valley period of distribution network, battery SOC, and short-term load forecasting. The charge and discharge state of the battery is determined according to the peak and valley period and the SOC of the battery, and the power of charge and discharge is determined according to the short-term load forecasting. During the peak period of electricity consumption, we can sell electricity to distribution network as far as possible in order to obtain economic benefit; purchase electricity from distribution network and store it during the low period of electricity consumption; and select the corresponding strategy according to the situation of power consumption in the next period of time in the normal period of electricity consumption. It not only realizes the economic and stable operation of the power grid and ensures the safety of the battery, but also plays a certain role in cutting the peak and filling the valley in the distribution network.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM727;TM912

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