高稳定无铅铜基有机无机杂化光吸收材料及其光伏器件研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 20:00

本文选题：高稳定 + 无铅　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,钙钛矿太阳能电池的光电转化效率已由2009年报道的3.8%快速提升到经权威认证的22.1%,掀起了全球范围的研究热潮。然而,CH_3NH_3PbI_3钙钛矿光吸收材料存在稳定性低和有毒性这两个缺点,这也是钙钛矿太阳能电池能否最终实用化所面临的两大挑战性难题。为了解决上述关键问题,本文设计并制备出了一种高稳定无铅铜基有机无机杂化光吸收新材料(C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I),并将其用于可印刷碳电极介观太阳能电池中。虽然仅取得了约0.5%的光电转化效率,但为解决钙钛矿光吸收材料稳定性差及含毒性铅的难题提供了新思路。本论文主要包括以下内容:(1)高稳定无铅有机无机杂化光吸收新材料的设计制备及结构表征通过将邻碘苯胺(C_6H_4NH_2I)和溴化铜(CuBr_2)等摩尔比反应制备出了一种有机无机杂化光吸收新材料C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I,利用粉末X射线衍射、高分辨透射电子显微镜、能量色散X射线谱等研究手段研究了材料的晶体结构及成分等信息。结果表明:C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I材料属于六方晶系,空间群为R3,晶格参数为a=b=3.963(3)?、c=9.698(5)?,Z=3;铜元素和卤素的比例约为1:3。(2)C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I光吸收材料的稳定性研究利用接触角测量仪、热重分析仪等研究手段研究了C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I材料的接触角及热稳定性。结果表明:C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I材料不仅具有~90°的接触角,而且具有良好的热稳定性(起始失重温度:~133°C)。此外,研究了C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I材料在水中浸泡4 h前后的XRD谱图及用水冲洗5 min前后UV-Vis吸收光谱的变化情况,结果表明:XRD谱图和UV-Vis吸收光谱未发生明显变化,说明C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I光吸收材料具有优异的水稳定性。(3)C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I光吸收材料的光电性质及光伏性能利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、透射光谱、光致发光谱、紫外光电子能谱等研究手段研究了材料的光学及电学性质。结果表明:C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I薄膜具有合适的Eg(~1.64 eV),其光致发光峰位于1.50 eV;光吸收系数高达~6×104 cm-1;EF=-4.90 eV;Ev=-6.40 eV。最后,将C_6H_4NH_2CuBr_2I材料应用到具有FTO/TiO_2/ZrO_2/Carbon结构的可印刷介观太阳能电池中。在标准太阳光下(AM1.5100 mW cm-2)测量器件的电流密度-电压曲线,结果表明:器件的光电转化效率约为0.5%、电流密度(Jsc)为~6.20 mA cm-2、开路电压(Voc)为0.20 V、填充因子(FF)为0.46。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells has been rapidly improved from 3.8% reported in 2009 to 22.1 certified by authority, which has set off a worldwide research boom. However, there are two disadvantages of low stability and toxicity in the photoabsorption materials of Ch _ 3NH _ 3PbI _ 3 perovskite, which are two challenging problems for the practical application of perovskite solar cells. In order to solve the above key problems, a novel organic-inorganic hybrid optical absorption material based on lead-free copper (C6H4NH2CuBr2I) with high stability was designed and prepared, and it was used in printed carbon electrode mesoscopic solar cells. Although only about 0.5% of the photoelectric conversion efficiency has been achieved, it provides a new way to solve the problem of poor stability and toxic lead in perovskite photoabsorption materials. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: (1) the design, preparation and structure characterization of the novel materials for photoabsorption of high stability lead-free organic-inorganic hybrid materials. An organic-inorganic hybrid was prepared by the reaction of C _ 6H _ 4NH _ 2I and CuBr2 with the molar ratio of C _ 6H _ 4NH _ 2I and CuBr2. The new material for light absorption, Che _ 6H _ 2H _ T _ 4NH _ 2Cu _ Br _ 2I, was diffracted by powder X-ray diffraction, High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to study the crystal structure and composition of the materials. The results show that: C6H4NH2CuBr2I material belongs to hexagonal crystal system, space group is R3, lattice parameter is a=b=3.963 (3) ~ (9.698) (5), the ratio of copper to halogen is about 1: 3. (2) the stability of C6H4NH2CuBr2I optical absorption material is studied by contact angle measuring instrument. The contact angle and thermal stability of C _ S _ 6H _ 4NH _ 4NH _ 2C _ 2CuBr2I material were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that the W / C _ 6H _ 6H _ 4NH _ 2CuBr2I material not only has a contact angle of 90 掳, but also has good thermal stability (initial weightlessness temperature: 133 掳C). In addition, the changes of UV-Vis absorption spectra of C _ 6H _ 4NH _ 2CuBr2I material before and after immersion in water for 4 h and 5 min after washing with water were studied. The results showed that there was no significant change in the absorption spectra of C _ 6H _ 4NH _ 2CuBr2I and UV-Vis spectra. It shows that the C6H4NH2CuBr2I optical absorption material has excellent water stability. (3) the photoelectric properties and photovoltaic properties of the C6H4NH2CuBr2I optical absorption materials are characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectra, transmission spectra and photoluminescence spectra. The optical and electrical properties of the materials were studied by UV photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that the appropriate E _ g (1.64 EV) and the photoluminescence peak are 1.50 EV and 6 脳 10 ~ 4 cm ~ (-1), respectively, and the optical absorption coefficient is as high as 6 脳 10 ~ 4 cm ~ (-1) and 4. 90 EV ~ (-6.40) EV. Finally, the C6H4NH2CuBr2I material is applied to the printed mesoscopic solar cells with the structure of FTO / TiO2 / ZrO2carbon. The current density and voltage curves of the device were measured under standard solar light (AM 1.5100 MW cm-2). The results show that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device is about 0.5, the current density (JSC) is 6.20 Ma cm-2, the open circuit voltage (VOC) is 0.20 V, and the filling factor (FF) is 0.46.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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