铯原子喷泉钟Rabi和Ramsey牵引频移的理论研究
发布时间：2018-07-14 20:01
【摘要】：Rabi和Ramsey牵引效应是影响铯原子喷泉钟频率不确定度的重要因素之一。构建了铯原子喷泉钟中微波腔的辐射场与冷原子团相互作用的物理模型,获得了原子—辐射场哈密顿量和时间演化算符。通过数值求解时间演化算符的薛定谔方程,用蒙特卡洛方法模拟原子团速度和密度的二维分布,获得了钟跃迁概率和Rabi和Ramsey频移,并对频移量与初始原子|3,±1态对称性、|3,0与|3,±1态相干和相干相位的关系进行了理论分析,应用于铯原子喷泉钟得到Ramsey腔微波脉冲面积是7π/2时非相干和相干初始原子态对应Rabi和Ramsey牵引频移量级分别为10-18和10-14,且频移量与相干相位呈三角函数关系,与PTB评定该项频移得到的理论及实验结果一致。
[Abstract]:Rabi and Ramsey traction effects are one of the important factors affecting the frequency uncertainty of cesium fountain clock. A physical model of the interaction between the radiation field of the microwave cavity and the cold atomic cluster in the cesium atomic fountain clock is established. The atom-radiation field Hamiltonian and the time evolution operator are obtained. By numerically solving the Schrodinger equation of the time evolution operator, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the two-dimensional distribution of atomic cluster velocity and density. The clock transition probability and Rabi and Ramsey frequency shifts are obtained. The relationship between the frequency shift and the initial atom 3, 卤1 state symmetry, and the relation between 3, 卤1 state coherence and coherent phase are analyzed theoretically. When applied to the cesium atomic fountain clock, it is found that the Ramsey cavity microwave pulse area is 7 蟺 / 2 incoherent and coherent initial atomic states correspond to Rabi and Ramsey traction frequency shift orders of magnitude 10-18 and 10-14, respectively, and the frequency shift is trigonometric with coherent phase. The theoretical and experimental results are consistent with those obtained by PTB evaluation of the frequency shift.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院国家授时中心;中国科学院时间频率基准重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61127901)
【分类号】：TM935.115
[Abstract]:Rabi and Ramsey traction effects are one of the important factors affecting the frequency uncertainty of cesium fountain clock. A physical model of the interaction between the radiation field of the microwave cavity and the cold atomic cluster in the cesium atomic fountain clock is established. The atom-radiation field Hamiltonian and the time evolution operator are obtained. By numerically solving the Schrodinger equation of the time evolution operator, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the two-dimensional distribution of atomic cluster velocity and density. The clock transition probability and Rabi and Ramsey frequency shifts are obtained. The relationship between the frequency shift and the initial atom 3, 卤1 state symmetry, and the relation between 3, 卤1 state coherence and coherent phase are analyzed theoretically. When applied to the cesium atomic fountain clock, it is found that the Ramsey cavity microwave pulse area is 7 蟺 / 2 incoherent and coherent initial atomic states correspond to Rabi and Ramsey traction frequency shift orders of magnitude 10-18 and 10-14, respectively, and the frequency shift is trigonometric with coherent phase. The theoretical and experimental results are consistent with those obtained by PTB evaluation of the frequency shift.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院国家授时中心;中国科学院时间频率基准重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61127901)
【分类号】：TM935.115
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