小型风力发电机用永磁悬浮轴承的设计与应用

发布时间：2018-07-17 18:25

【摘要】：大规模发展风力发电产业是解决我国能源和电力短缺的战略选择之一。小型风力发电机设备以其运营低成本,无污染,低能耗,灵活多样的结构选择以及安装使用和运行维护简便的特点,在风力发电方面占有较大优势。然而,风力发电机的许多关键技术依然不够成熟,特别是小型风力发电机。轴承作为发电机的关键零部件之一同样面临多重挑战。现有的小型风力发电机启动阻力大,致使发电机的启动风速较高,对风能的利用率低。因此,开发适用于低风速区的小型低风速风力发电技术,是扩大我国风能有效利用面积的关键。本文以某1kW垂直轴小型风力发电机为研究对象。首先,提出用永磁悬浮轴承替代现有发电机转子使用的传统轴承的方案,设计了永磁悬浮轴承。其次,利用ANSYS软件对设计好的永磁悬浮轴承的承载力进行了有限元仿真分析。仿真分析证明该轴承的承载能力满足承载要求。然后,对制造完成的零部件进行装配,并对最终产品进行了承载力的测试。实测结果与仿真分析吻合,设计方案合理。最后,将永磁轴承安装在小型风力发电机上进行对比测试和装机验证。通过对比,使用本文设计轴承的小型风力发电机较使用常规轴承的小型风力发电机启动风速明显减小。从而使该型小型风力发电机可以用于风能资源不丰富的地区,提高风能利用率,这对国家能源战略意义深远。
[Abstract]:Developing wind power industry in a large scale is one of the strategic options to solve the shortage of energy and electricity in China. Small-scale wind turbine equipment has advantages in wind power generation due to its low operating cost, no pollution, low energy consumption, flexible and diverse structure selection, simple installation, operation and maintenance. However, many key technologies for wind turbines, especially small ones, are still immature. As one of the key components of generators, bearings also face multiple challenges. The starting resistance of the existing small wind turbine is large, which results in high wind speed and low utilization of wind energy. Therefore, it is the key to expand the area of effective utilization of wind energy in China to develop the technology of small scale wind power generation with low wind speed. A 1 kW vertical axis wind turbine is studied in this paper. Firstly, the permanent magnetic bearing is designed to replace the traditional bearing used in generator rotor. Secondly, the finite element simulation analysis of the bearing capacity of permanent magnetic bearing is carried out by ANSYS software. The simulation results show that the bearing capacity meets the bearing requirements. Then, the finished parts are assembled and the ultimate product is tested. The measured results are in agreement with the simulation analysis and the design scheme is reasonable. Finally, permanent magnetic bearings are installed on small wind turbines for comparative testing and verification. By comparison, the wind speed of small wind turbine with bearing designed in this paper is obviously lower than that of small wind turbine with conventional bearing. Therefore, the small wind turbine can be used in the regions where the wind energy resources are not abundant, and the utilization rate of wind energy can be improved, which is of great significance to the national energy strategy.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

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