全功率变频器及直驱式风电机组的实时控制与仿真

发布时间：2018-07-18 15:03

【摘要】：风能作为一种可再生的清洁能源,有利于解决煤炭等不可再生能源的枯竭问题,也能够改善环境,实现人与自然的和谐相处。目前的风力发电机组以双馈式和直驱式为主,而直驱式以其结构简单,便于控制,稳定性好,容量大,低电压穿越特性好等优点而受到研究人员的广泛关注。由于直驱式风力发电机使用全功率变频器,这对变频器的要求很高,所以本文着重对直驱式风力发电机的变频器进行了详尽研究,讨论了其拓扑结构,比较不同变频器拓扑的优缺点,并给出了双PWM变频器的数学模型,在此基础上,针对直驱风电机组的低电压穿越能力,本文给出了带有Crowbar电路的机侧变频器和网侧变频器的数学模型。为验证模型正确性,编程实现了二电平、三电平SVPWM算法,进行了仿真研究,给直驱式风力发电机在变频器的选择与控制提出了一些建议,供有关科研人员参考。此外,为使仿真结果更接近实际情况,本文使用Lab VIEW软件,搭建了风机、电机、变频器模块,并将这些模块连接起来,实现了直驱式风电机组的全过程仿真。并且,为了实现真正意义上的实时仿真,本文对各个模块占用时间进行了分析,由于变频器计算量最大,主要针对变频器模块进行了大量的优化,给出了一系列的优化方案,最终使得整个程序基本满足实时性。最后,本文针对仿真平台在多种运行状态下的仿真结果做了详细的分析,讨论全功率变频器的可行性,验证了直驱永磁风力发电机组仿真平台建立的合理性和正确性。
[Abstract]:As a kind of renewable clean energy, wind energy can solve the problem of non-renewable energy depletion such as coal, improve the environment and realize the harmony between man and nature. At present, the wind turbine is mainly doubly-fed and direct-drive, and the direct-drive is widely concerned by researchers because of its simple structure, easy control, good stability, large capacity and good low-voltage traversing characteristics. Since the direct-drive wind turbine uses full-power inverter, which requires a high frequency converter, this paper focuses on the frequency converter of direct-drive wind power generator, and discusses its topological structure. The advantages and disadvantages of different converter topologies are compared, and the mathematical model of double PWM converter is given. Based on this, the low voltage traversing ability of direct-drive wind turbine is discussed. This paper presents the mathematical models of the machine side inverter and the grid side converter with Crowbar circuit. In order to verify the correctness of the model, the two-level and three-level SVPWM algorithm is programmed and simulated, and some suggestions for the selection and control of direct-drive wind turbine in frequency converter are put forward. In addition, in order to make the simulation results more close to the actual situation, this paper use LabVIEW software, build fan, motor, frequency converter module, and connect these modules together, and realize the whole process simulation of direct-drive wind turbine. Moreover, in order to realize real time simulation, this paper analyzes the occupying time of each module. Because of the maximum calculation of the frequency converter, a lot of optimization is carried out for the inverter module, and a series of optimization schemes are given. Finally, the whole program basically meets the real-time requirements. Finally, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the simulation results of the simulation platform under various operating conditions, discusses the feasibility of the full power converter, and verifies the rationality and correctness of the establishment of the direct-drive permanent magnet wind turbine simulation platform.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM315

【参考文献】