热泵技术在太阳能热发电中的应用

发布时间：2018-07-20 12:22

【摘要】：吸收式热泵系统是一种多部件、多相态、流动、传热相互耦合的复杂换热系统,系统的动态运行过程,部件之间多参数具有耦合特性;本论文根据吸收式热泵的技术特点,采用模块化建模方法,建立了吸收式热泵机组的动态模型;依据Trane厂家提供的60k W吸收式热泵机组参数,在Simulink仿真平台上,搭建了60kW吸收式热泵机组的动态仿真模型,研究了60k W吸收式热泵机组动态性能及关键参数对吸收式热泵机组热力特性的影响,在此基础设计上,优化设计了300kW吸收式热泵机组,300k W吸收式热泵机组应用到50MW塔式太阳能热发电系统中,实现太阳能热发电的热电联产。本文在Simulink中将水和溴化锂的物性编成了可视化计算程序,并将其应用到吸收式热泵模型中;根据质量和能量守恒方程分别建立了吸收式热泵几个部件的数学模型,包括发生器、冷凝器、蒸发器、吸收器和溶液热交换器,并根据这些部件之间运行过程和参数的耦合关系将各个部件连接起来组成吸收式热泵系统的数学模型。参考Trane厂家提供的60k W吸收式热泵机组参数对模型进行验证;由于吸收式热泵从发电系统回收的热负荷较大,在已有模型的基础上,考虑了热损和蒸汽在第二个发生器中的冷凝,对模型进行优化,根据经验公式设计了300kW的吸收式热泵模型。通过对吸收式热泵与发电机组的耦合技术方案的调研,设计了3套吸收式热泵与太阳能热发电系统的耦合方案,利用吸收式热泵回收电厂冷源损失,用于采暖季集中供暖,非采暖季加热给水,提高系统热利用效率、减少冷却塔中水的蒸发损失。通过对耦合的吸收式热泵模型的仿真研究,考察抽气参数、热网水温度、乏汽温度对吸收式热泵系统热性能的影响;并参考太阳能热发电站建设区的气候特点,计算系统的年得热量、供热能力、环境效益以及节水效益等,采用等效焓降法对系统进行了经济性分析。本文结论对于提高太阳能热发电厂热效率,解决太阳能热发电地区水资源短缺问题提供了技术方案,提出了可行性与节水节能以及经济效益的论证。
[Abstract]:Absorption heat pump system is a kind of complex heat transfer system with multi-component, multi-phase state, flow and heat transfer coupling. Based on the parameters of 60kW absorption heat pump unit provided by Trane manufacturer, the dynamic simulation model of 60kW absorption heat pump unit is built on Simulink simulation platform. The dynamic performance of a 60kW absorption heat pump unit and the influence of key parameters on the thermodynamic characteristics of the absorption heat pump unit are studied. The 300kW absorption heat pump unit is optimized and applied to the 50MW tower solar thermal power generation system to realize the cogeneration of solar energy and power. In this paper, the physical properties of water and lithium bromide are programmed into a visual calculation program in Simulink and applied to the absorption heat pump model, and the mathematical models of several parts of the absorption heat pump are established according to the mass and energy conservation equations, including the generator. Condensers, evaporators, absorbers and solution heat exchangers are connected to each other to form a mathematical model of an absorption heat pump system. The model is verified by reference to the parameters of 60kW absorption heat pump unit provided by Trane manufacturer. Because the heat load recovered by absorption heat pump from power generation system is large, the model is based on the existing model. Considering the condensation of heat loss and steam in the second generator, the model is optimized and a 300kW absorption heat pump model is designed according to the empirical formula. Based on the investigation of the coupling technology scheme of absorption heat pump and generator set, three coupling schemes of absorption heat pump and solar thermal power system are designed. The absorption heat pump is used to recover the cold source loss of power plant for heating season central heating. Heating feed water in non-heating season improves the efficiency of thermal utilization of the system and reduces the evaporation loss of water in cooling tower. Based on the simulation of the coupled absorption heat pump model, the effects of air extraction parameters, heat network water temperature and waste steam temperature on the thermal performance of the absorption heat pump system are investigated, and the climate characteristics of the solar thermal power station construction area are referred to. The annual heat yield, heating capacity, environmental benefit and water saving benefit of the system are calculated. The equivalent enthalpy drop method is used to analyze the economy of the system. The conclusion of this paper provides a technical scheme for improving the thermal efficiency of solar thermal power plants and solving the shortage of water resources in the area of solar thermal power generation. The feasibility, water saving and energy saving as well as economic benefits are demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM615

【参考文献】