齐热哈塔尔水电站大深埋长隧洞关键技术难题及对策

发布时间：2018-07-23 21:18

【摘要】：齐热哈塔尔水电站工程发电引水隧洞存在隧洞长、埋深大、高地应力、岩爆和高地温等复杂工程地质问题,因此,对隧洞围岩稳定、施工期安全、隧洞支护荷载和衬砌型式等的研究至关重要。通过采用现场围岩变形和地应力释放测试、数值模拟反演分析和衬砌时机试验研究等方法,分析了深埋长隧洞高地应力与岩爆的产生机理、岩爆特征和破坏形式,以及高地温的成因,研究了高地应力、岩爆和高地温对施工、衬砌荷载和衬砌型式的影响。针对上述问题对策如下:对于高地应力围岩洞段,开挖完成后,初期支护采取时间滞后的方式消减高地应力;对于岩爆洞段,采取主动预防措施和强施工支护,确保施工安全,将岩爆发生的可能性及岩爆的危害降到最低;对高地温洞段开挖采取通风、在掌子面和风带口放置冰块、对掌子面和附近岩体喷水等降温措施,而且完善和优化了隧洞一次支护和二次衬砌设计。这些措施保证了引水隧洞的施工和运行安全,对类似地质条件的隧洞工程设计和施工具参考价值。
[Abstract]:Complex engineering geological problems such as long tunnel length, large buried depth, high ground stress, rock burst and high ground temperature exist in the power generation diversion tunnel of the Zizehattar Hydropower Station. Therefore, the surrounding rock of the tunnel is stable and the construction period is safe. It is very important to study the supporting load and lining type of tunnel. By means of field rock deformation and in-situ stress release test, numerical simulation inversion analysis and lining timing test, the mechanism of high ground stress and rockburst in deep buried long tunnel is analyzed, and the characteristics and failure forms of rock burst are analyzed. The influence of high ground stress, rock burst and high ground temperature on construction, lining load and lining type is studied. In view of the above problems, the countermeasures are as follows: after excavation, the initial support adopts the method of time lag to reduce the high in-situ stress; for the rock burst section, active preventive measures and strong construction support are taken to ensure the safety of construction. The possibility of rock burst and the hazard of rock burst are minimized. Ventilation is adopted for excavation of high temperature tunnel, ice cubes are placed on the face of the palm and wind belt, and cooling measures such as water spray on the face of the palm and nearby rock mass are taken. And perfect and optimize the tunnel primary support and secondary lining design. These measures ensure the safety of the construction and operation of the diversion tunnel and have reference value for the design and construction of the tunnel with similar geological conditions.
【作者单位】：中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司;
【分类号】：TV554;TV732.3

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