基于dSPACE的PMSM直接转矩控制研究
发布时间：2018-07-31 09:27
【摘要】：永磁同步电机因其运行效率高,功率密度大等优点在工业生产中得到广泛应用,在轨道交通尤其是蓬勃发展的电动汽车中常常被选择作为驱动电机。直接转矩控制技术作为最重要的两大交流调速技术之一,具有动态性能优异、控制系统简单,鲁棒性强等特点,自出现以来就成为电机控制的热门技术。由基于模型的设计发展而来,作为汽车行业先进技术的V流程开发模式能极大的缩小产品开发周期,提高效率。本文使用能实现V流程开发的dSPACE半实物仿真系统用于面贴式永磁同步电机直接转矩控制和性能优化的研究。本文分析了永磁同步电机的结构、控制策略的历史和研究热点难点。研究了永磁同步电机直接转矩控制技术的基本原理和实现方式,并利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建了PMSM-DTC模型,进行了仿真研究。直接转矩控制无需电流解耦,直接控制转矩的特点使得电机的动态响应非常迅速,并且其无需转子位置,不用位置传感器,使得控制系统的结构简单,也降低了成本。研究了V流程开发模式的概念和实现方式,阐述了dSPACE半实物仿真平台的工作方式,为研究电机控制而利用dSPACE搭建了永磁同步电机控制平台,利用该平台完成了PMSM-DTC实验,仿真和实验均证明直接转矩控制优异的动态性能。分析了传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制下转矩波动和磁链波动产生的原因,指出传统直接转矩控制滞环环节的本质是BANG-BANG控制,转矩波动和磁链波动不可避免。探究了常用的抑制波动的方法,研究了基于占空比调制的直接转矩控制技术和常用的占空比计算方式,分析了利用两段轨迹斜率计算占空比的优缺点。为简化占空比计算并综合考虑转矩波动和磁链波动,提出了一种改进的占空比计算方法,该方法使每个控制周期的初始转矩误差和磁链误差参与计算,并且充分利用了零矢量减小转矩的特性,给出了详细的计算过程,通过仿真和实验证明了该方法能有效抑制转矩波动和磁链波动。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in industrial production because of its high operating efficiency and high power density. It is often chosen as the driving motor in rail transit especially in the booming electric vehicles. As one of the two most important AC speed regulation technologies, direct torque control (DTC) technology has become a hot technology of motor control since its emergence, because of its excellent dynamic performance, simple control system and strong robustness. From the development of model-based design, as the advanced technology of automobile industry, the V process development model can greatly reduce the product development cycle and improve efficiency. In this paper, the dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation system, which can realize V process development, is used to study the direct torque control and performance optimization of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, the structure of PMSM, the history of control strategy and the research hotspot are analyzed. The basic principle and realization of direct torque control (DTC) technology for PMSM are studied. The PMSM-DTC model is built by using MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation is carried out. Direct torque control (DTC) does not require current decoupling, and the characteristics of DTC torque make the dynamic response of motor very fast, and it does not need rotor position or position sensor, which makes the structure of the control system simple and the cost reduced. This paper studies the concept and realization of V process development mode, expounds the working mode of dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, builds a permanent magnet synchronous motor control platform using dSPACE to study motor control, and completes the PMSM-DTC experiment by using this platform. Simulation and experiments show that direct torque control has excellent dynamic performance. The causes of torque ripple and flux ripple under direct torque control of traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed. It is pointed out that the essence of hysteresis link of traditional direct torque control is BANG-BANG control, and torque and flux fluctuation are inevitable. This paper probes into the common methods of wave suppression, studies the direct torque control technology based on duty cycle modulation and the common duty cycle calculation method, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using two-segment trajectory slope to calculate duty cycle. In order to simplify the duty cycle calculation and consider the torque fluctuation and flux fluctuation, an improved duty cycle calculation method is proposed, in which the initial torque error and flux chain error of each control cycle are calculated. The characteristic of reducing torque with zero vector is fully utilized, and the detailed calculation process is given. The simulation and experiment show that the method can effectively suppress the torque ripple and flux ripple.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in industrial production because of its high operating efficiency and high power density. It is often chosen as the driving motor in rail transit especially in the booming electric vehicles. As one of the two most important AC speed regulation technologies, direct torque control (DTC) technology has become a hot technology of motor control since its emergence, because of its excellent dynamic performance, simple control system and strong robustness. From the development of model-based design, as the advanced technology of automobile industry, the V process development model can greatly reduce the product development cycle and improve efficiency. In this paper, the dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation system, which can realize V process development, is used to study the direct torque control and performance optimization of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this paper, the structure of PMSM, the history of control strategy and the research hotspot are analyzed. The basic principle and realization of direct torque control (DTC) technology for PMSM are studied. The PMSM-DTC model is built by using MATLAB/Simulink, and the simulation is carried out. Direct torque control (DTC) does not require current decoupling, and the characteristics of DTC torque make the dynamic response of motor very fast, and it does not need rotor position or position sensor, which makes the structure of the control system simple and the cost reduced. This paper studies the concept and realization of V process development mode, expounds the working mode of dSPACE hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform, builds a permanent magnet synchronous motor control platform using dSPACE to study motor control, and completes the PMSM-DTC experiment by using this platform. Simulation and experiments show that direct torque control has excellent dynamic performance. The causes of torque ripple and flux ripple under direct torque control of traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor are analyzed. It is pointed out that the essence of hysteresis link of traditional direct torque control is BANG-BANG control, and torque and flux fluctuation are inevitable. This paper probes into the common methods of wave suppression, studies the direct torque control technology based on duty cycle modulation and the common duty cycle calculation method, and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of using two-segment trajectory slope to calculate duty cycle. In order to simplify the duty cycle calculation and consider the torque fluctuation and flux fluctuation, an improved duty cycle calculation method is proposed, in which the initial torque error and flux chain error of each control cycle are calculated. The characteristic of reducing torque with zero vector is fully utilized, and the detailed calculation process is given. The simulation and experiment show that the method can effectively suppress the torque ripple and flux ripple.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 胥青青;吴玉敬;张t焥，
本文编号：2155153
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/dianlidianqilunwen/2155153.html
