智能电网大负荷应急响应终端研究和设计

发布时间：2018-08-09 18:26

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,随着信息技术和互联网技术的广泛应用,尤其是在传统电网老化、电力事故频发、节约能源和低碳排放等压力下,国内外对电力供应的安全性、灵活性以及电能质量等问题愈加关注。相关研究和实践陆续启动,有关智能电网的建设和应用理念由此逐步形成。目前我国很多地区的特高压工程己全面展开。特高压交流和直流大功率线路故障将对电网造成较大冲击。根据电网负荷应急响应的要求,需设计一款新型的负荷管理终端,使其具备快速执行、精确定位、实时反馈的能力,以实现"源网荷协调互动",提高电网安全稳定运行水平。本文首先对终端的主要功能和性能指标进行分析说明,然后阐述终端的总体设计方案。大负荷应急响应终端采用多主架构分布式设计,由四个主要部分组成:主控模块、三遥模块、透传模块和显示告警模块。主控模块主要负责终端的业务处理、决策、通信等功能;三遥模块主要实现终端的遥测、遥信和遥控功能;透传模块主要负责下行多路485的抄表和上行以太网的数据上传等功能;显示告警模块主要负责人机交互、运行状态提示、信息推送等功能。结合终端的实时性关键指标,依次对主控模块、三遥模块、透传模块和显示警告模块的总体方案进行说明。主控模块是终端的核心模块,首先对主控模块的核心板实现进行分析;然后结合实时性要求,分析主控模块与三遥模块的内部总线电路。内部总线采用三种高速背板总线,其中高速RS485总线专门用于遥测数据的传输,CAN总线专门用于遥控和遥信数据的传输,M-LVDS总线用于时钟同步信号的传递;最后设计外部总线和相关辅助电路。三遥模块是终端主要的业务实现模块,实现终端的遥测功能、遥信功能和遥控功能,其中包含信号处理板、开关量输出板和互感器板。对AD转换电路、遥控电路和遥信电路的实现进行分析,包括关键器件AD采样芯片和继电器的选型以及相关电路设计。接着分析透传模块和显示告警模块的实现。对智能电网大负荷应急响应终端关键技术指标测试进行阐述:针对三遥模块的实时性和稳定性等技术指标,提出对应的测试方案,给出测试结果,测试通过。最后进行大负荷应急响应终端整机的测试进行阐述,提出功能测试环境和方案,并给出测试结果,证明大负荷响应终端整机的功能符合性能技术指标。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, with the wide application of information technology and Internet technology, especially under the pressure of traditional power grid aging, frequent power accidents, energy saving and low carbon emissions, the security of power supply at home and abroad, Flexibility and power quality and other issues are increasingly concerned. Related research and practice have been started, the construction and application of smart grid concepts are gradually formed. At present, UHP projects in many areas of our country have been carried out in an all-round way. UHV AC and DC high power line faults will have a great impact on the power grid. According to the demand of emergency response of power network load, a new type of load management terminal should be designed so that it has the ability of fast execution, accurate positioning and real-time feedback, in order to realize the "coordinated interaction of source network load" and improve the security and stable operation level of power grid. In this paper, the main functions and performance indexes of the terminal are analyzed, and then the overall design of the terminal is described. The large load emergency response terminal is designed with multi-main architecture and is composed of four main parts: main control module, three-remote module, transmission module and display alarm module. The main control module is mainly responsible for the terminal service processing, decision making, communication and other functions, while the three remote modules mainly realize the terminal telemetry, remote communication and remote control functions. The transparent transmission module is mainly responsible for the functions of downlink multi-channel 485 meter reading and uplink Ethernet data uploading, and the display alarm module is mainly responsible for man-machine interaction, operation status hint, information push and so on. The main control module, three remote module, the transparent transmission module and the display and warning module are described in order with the real-time key index of the terminal. The main control module is the core module of the terminal. Firstly, the core board realization of the main control module is analyzed, and then the internal bus circuit between the main control module and the three remote module is analyzed in combination with the real-time requirements. The internal bus adopts three kinds of high-speed backplane bus, among which the high-speed RS485 bus is specially used for the transmission of telemetry data and can bus for remote control and remote data transmission. M-LVDS bus is used for the transmission of clock synchronization signal. Finally, the external bus and related auxiliary circuits are designed. The three-remote module is the main service realization module of the terminal, which realizes the telemetering function, the remote signal function and the remote control function of the terminal, including the signal processing board, the switch output board and the transformer board. The realization of AD conversion circuit, remote control circuit and remote signal circuit are analyzed, including the selection of AD sampling chip and relay and the related circuit design. Then, the realization of transparent transmission module and display alarm module is analyzed. The key technical index test of smart grid large load emergency response terminal is described: aiming at the real-time and stability of three remote modules, the corresponding test scheme is put forward, the test results are given, and the test results are passed. Finally, the test of the whole machine of the large load emergency response terminal is introduced, the test environment and scheme are put forward, and the test results are given to prove that the function of the whole machine of the large load response terminal conforms to the technical performance index.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM76

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