含大规模风电的互联电网频率控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 15:01

【摘要】：随着社会现代化进程的不断推进,能源危机和环境污染给社会的可持续发展带来越来越大的挑战。因此,对新能源的开发和利用,受到世界各国的高度重视。风力发电凭借其资源丰富、可大规模开发、建设周期相对较短等优势,在可再生能源领域中占裾着重要的地位。然而,风电并网容量的增加,给电力系统的频率稳定控制带来了新的难题和挑战,影响系统的安全稳定运行。研究含大规模风电的互联电网频率控制策略,成为电力系统频率稳定控制的重要研究课题。为此,围绕含风电互联电网的频率控制问题,从风电机组主动参与系统调频和改进互联电网负荷频率控制这两个角度展开研究,论文的主要工作包括:(1)针对传统转子动能控制中双馈风电机组释放转子动能后会立即进行转速恢复的固有缺点,设计一种基于转子动能控制的双馈风电机组频率控制改进方案。所提改进方案能实现转子转速恢复启动时间的主动控制,通过将转速恢复引起的频率下降过程控制在频率恢复稳定后发生,克服释放转子动能后立即进入转速恢复过程对频率控制造成的不利影响。仿真结果表明,所提方法能够有效改善双馈风电机组主动参与系统调频的效果。(2)为改进整数阶PID负荷频率控制器的设计以适应风电的接入,设计一种基于分数阶PID的含风电互联电网负荷频率控制器,并采用粒子群智能算法对控制器参数进行优化整定。仿真结果表明该控制器具有良好的动态性能和抗干扰能力。相比于整数阶PID负荷频率控制器,分数阶PID负荷频率控制器能够更好地处理负荷频率控制中存在的非线性和不确定性。分数阶PID负荷频率控制器能有效降低风电出力的不确定性给互联电网频率控制造成的不利影响,为含风电互联电网的负荷频率控制提供一种新的解决思路。(3)为提高负荷频率控制器的抗参数摄动能力,设计一种基于滑模控制的含风电互联电网负荷频率控制器。仿真结果表明,相比于整数阶PID负荷频率控制器,基于滑模控制的负荷频率控制器具有更好的控制性能,能更好的解决含风电互联电网的负荷频率控制问题。相比于分数阶PID负荷频率控制器,基于滑模控制的负荷频率控制器具有更好的抗参数摄动能力。论文所做的理论研究和仿真结果表明:从风电机组主动参与系统调频和改进负荷频率控制方法这两个角度提出的含风电互联电网频率控制策略是合理有效的,有利于提高含风电互联电网的频率稳定控制能力,能够为含风电互联电网安全稳定运行提供有力保障。
[Abstract]:With the development of social modernization, energy crisis and environmental pollution bring more challenges to the sustainable development of society. Therefore, the development and utilization of new energy is highly valued by all countries in the world. Wind power plays an important role in the field of renewable energy because of its abundant resources, large-scale development and relatively short construction period. However, the increase of wind power grid capacity brings new problems and challenges to the frequency stability control of power system, which affects the safe and stable operation of the system. The study of frequency control strategy for interconnected power system with large scale wind power has become an important research topic in frequency stability control of power system. Therefore, focusing on the frequency control problem of interconnected power grid with wind power, the paper studies the active participation of wind turbine in frequency modulation system and the improvement of load frequency control in interconnected power grid. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) aiming at the inherent shortcoming of speed recovery of doubly-fed wind turbine after releasing rotor kinetic energy in traditional rotor kinetic energy control, an improved frequency control scheme for doubly-fed wind turbine based on rotor kinetic energy control is designed. The proposed improved scheme can realize the active control of rotor speed recovery start-up time. By controlling the frequency drop process caused by speed recovery, the frequency recovery will occur after the stability of the rotor speed is restored. To overcome the adverse effect on frequency control caused by releasing rotor kinetic energy and entering the speed recovery process immediately. Simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the effect of active participation of doubly-fed wind turbines in system frequency modulation. (2) in order to improve the design of integer order PID load frequency controller for wind power access, A load frequency controller based on fractional-order PID is designed for interconnected wind power network. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the controller. The simulation results show that the controller has good dynamic performance and anti-interference ability. Compared with integer order PID load frequency controller, fractional order PID load frequency controller can better deal with the nonlinearity and uncertainty in load frequency control. Fractional PID load frequency controller can effectively reduce the adverse effect of wind power output uncertainty on frequency control of interconnected power grid. It provides a new solution for load frequency control of interconnected power grid with wind power. (3) in order to improve the anti-parameter perturbation ability of load frequency controller, a load frequency controller based on sliding mode control is designed. The simulation results show that the load frequency controller based on sliding mode control has better control performance than the integer order PID load frequency controller, and can better solve the load frequency control problem of interconnected power grid with wind power. Compared with fractional PID load frequency controller, the load frequency controller based on sliding mode control has better resistance to parameter perturbation. The theoretical research and simulation results show that the frequency control strategy of interconnected power grid with wind power is reasonable and effective from the aspects of active participation of wind turbine in system frequency modulation and improvement of load frequency control method. It is beneficial to improve the frequency stability control ability of the wind power interconnected power network, and can provide a strong guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the wind power interconnected power network.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614;TM712

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