锂电池智能充电分析与监控系统研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 10:27

【摘要】：目前吉林省X化工物料采购公司开始在供电运转系统中采用蓄电池和锂电池结合的方式,为监控、重要电子仪表、应急照明等提供用电保障,这对于化工类企业而言有着重要的意义。因此通过开发新型锂离子电池充电技术,这对公司生产运作具有积极的现实意义和促进价值。根据锂电池充电的特点,结合市面上常用充电器本身存在的缺点,开发出一种新型的采用单片机控制的智能型充电控制器,并设计一种具有电压和电流检测功能的智能锂电池充电器系统。论文主要研究内容为:(1)分析了均衡控制以及充电电流输入控制技术、停充控制等技术,获得了锂电池充电技术的理论研究及现实推导依据,搭建了锂电池的智能充电硬件平台,以ATmega16单片机为控制核心,从Buck降压电路、采样电路、保护与均衡电路以及外围设备这几部分来研究,从而满足实验的硬件配备。(2)软件方面针对界面设计、寄存器、电池检测和恒压恒流充电四个角度展开研究。应用PWM脉宽调制技术,控制系统充放电管理。检测充电电路及控制电路的正常工作,再调节恒压恒流,从而对电路进行电压控制。(3)在实验平台上进行了硬件配置以及软件配置后的变电流高速充电实验,分别从变电阻均衡协调的有效操控和操控电压负量增加进行实验分析,并得出均衡电阻数值需要按照单体电池的电压数值的变动程度进行逐渐性系数变化的结论,从而保障智能充电实验的运行。论文所设计的装置具有智能控制充电进程,智能判断充电电流大小和充电终止状态,有效防止锂电池的欠充或过充,具有高效安全的充电控制和保护功能。
[Abstract]:At present, Jilin X Chemical Materials Purchasing Company has begun to use the combination of batteries and lithium batteries in the power supply operation system to provide electrical protection for monitoring, important electronic instruments, emergency lighting, etc. This is of great significance to chemical enterprises. Therefore, the development of new lithium ion battery charging technology has positive practical significance and promoting value for the production and operation of the company. According to the characteristics of lithium battery charging and the shortcomings of the usual chargers in the market, a new type of intelligent charging controller controlled by single chip computer is developed. An intelligent lithium battery charger system with voltage and current detection function is designed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the equalization control, charging current input control technology, stop charge control technology and other technologies are analyzed. The theoretical research and practical derivation of lithium battery charging technology are obtained, and the intelligent charging hardware platform of lithium battery is built. Taking ATmega16 single chip microcomputer as the control core, this paper studies the Buck step-down circuit, the sampling circuit, the protection and equalization circuit and the peripheral equipment, so as to satisfy the hardware equipment of the experiment. (2) the software is aimed at the interface design, register, and so on. Battery detection and constant voltage and constant current charging are studied from four angles. PWM pulse width modulation technology is applied to control system charge and discharge management. Detecting the normal operation of the charging circuit and the control circuit, then adjusting the constant voltage and constant current to control the voltage of the circuit. (3) the hardware configuration and the variable current high-speed charging experiment after the software configuration are carried out on the experimental platform. The experimental analysis is carried out from the effective control of variable resistance equalization and the increase of negative control voltage, and the conclusion is drawn that the equalization resistance needs to change gradually according to the change degree of voltage value of single cell. So as to ensure the operation of intelligent charging experiment. The device designed in this paper has the functions of intelligent control of charging process, intelligent judgement of charging current and charging termination state, effective prevention of undercharge or overcharge of lithium battery, and efficient and safe charging control and protection function.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM912

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