双机械端口磁通切换永磁无刷电机及其多模式驱动控制研究

发布时间：2018-08-28 18:11

【摘要】：近年来,随着对能源、环境等重要问题的持续关切,以“高电气化程度、高能源效率”为设计理念的电动汽车、混合动力汽车等新能源汽车在全球范围内获得了迅猛的发展。与此同时,为满足现代复杂的综合性工况需求,新能源汽车对车用驱动电机及其控制系统提出了高传动效率、多驱动运行模式和小型轻量化等较为严苛的新需求。双机械端口永磁电机,作为一种具有双动力输入或输出端口的新类型电机,不仅具有高功率/转矩密度、高效率和宽速度运行范围等综合性能方面的优点,而且具备电机结构紧凑、动力传递和分配灵活及驱动运行模式丰富等特点,在电机领域中引起了众多国内外学者的关注,目前已成为现代混合动力电动汽车动力驱动研究的热点方向之一。本文将“定子永磁型”电机理论与双机械端口类电机相融合,提出了一种双机械端口磁通切换永磁无刷(Dual-Mechanical-Port Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet brushless,简称DMP-FSPMBL)电机,并较为深入系统地对该电机进行了理论分析和实验研究,主要研究内容如下:1.将高功率密度、高效率定子永磁型FSPM电机设计理念融入双机械端口电机,提出结构新颖的DMP-FSPMBL电机。在阐述该电机基本结构特点和运行原理的基础上,建立了内外电机的功率尺寸方程,对内外电机的极槽配比、永磁体拓扑结构、绕组匝数、额定相电流等开展了初始设计。此外,采用磁路法对内外电机之间的磁耦合特性进行定性分析,并由此确定了采用定子隔磁磁障的设计方法降低内外电机的磁路耦合。2.将内外电机功率最优分配的设计思想引入DMP-FSPMBL电机的设计,以电机系统的磁负荷和电负荷作为综合约束条件,探索并提出了该类电机在结构尺寸和电机总功率等多个约束限制下的内外电机的最优裂比。3.针对该类DMP-FSPMBL电机存在内外两个电机,集成度高、磁路复杂等特点,提出一种基于电机设计参数“敏感度分层”的多目标优化策略,并分别采取“响应面法”和“多目标遗传算法”对不同敏感层进行针对性的优化,实现了“输出转矩”、“转矩脉动”和“内外电机磁耦合程度”等多个设计目标之间的综合权衡和性能最优。该多目标优化设计方法,为解决具有复杂结构永磁类电机的快速高效设计,提供一种行之有效的电机设计思路和方法。4.采用有限元法对DMP-FSPMBL电机的反电动势、定位力矩、电感、转矩、转矩脉动和磁耦合特性等电磁性能进行较为详细的评估和分析,初步验证了本文所提电机结构的合理性以及多目标优化设计方法的有效性。此外,研究了内外电机的运行效率MAP和不同运行电流角MAP特性,揭示了 DMP-FSPMBL电机具备在宽速度范围内实现高效率和可靠性运行的潜在能力。5.将DMP-FSPMBL电机与非接触式永磁行星齿轮磁力传动部件相结合,构建了具有结构空间紧凑、动力集成度高的无刷化电磁式混合动力系统。建立了该混合动力系统的数学模型,初步分析了该混合动力系统在应对复杂运行工况情形下的多种驱动运行模式及功率流传输途径。6.建立了基于DMP-FSPMBL电机混合动力系统整车仿真模型,研究了“纯电优先”的整车驱动控制策略;研究了该系统在多模式驱动运行下的连续变速和连续变载基本性能。并且,在NEDC工况的基础上,分析了电机及整车动力系统的连续工况能力,探讨了其潜在的应用可行性。7.加工了 DMP-FSPMBL实验样机,搭建了混合动力系统模拟实验平台,对电机的基本性能和混合动力系统在多种驱动模式下的变速变载特性进行了测试和综合评估。理论分析和实验结果验了 DMP-FSPMBL电机以及相应的混合动力合成系统的有效性和正确性,证实了基于该电机的混合动系统具有多模式驱动运行的能力,为其在混合动力电动汽车的潜在驱动应用提供了理论支持和实验基础。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the continuous concern about energy, environment and other important issues, new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and other new energy vehicles with the design concept of "high electrification and high energy efficiency" have developed rapidly in the world. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of modern complex and comprehensive working conditions, NEW energy vehicles are used for vehicles. Driving motors and their control systems have put forward stringent new requirements such as high transmission efficiency, multi-drive operation modes and small and lightweight. Dual-mechanical-port permanent magnet motor, as a new type of motor with dual-power input or output ports, not only has high power/torque density, high efficiency and wide speed range, but also has many advantages. With the advantages of energy, compact motor structure, flexible power transfer and distribution, and rich driving mode, it has attracted the attention of many scholars at home and abroad in the field of motor. Now it has become one of the hotspots in the research of power drive of modern hybrid electric vehicles. A dual-mechanical-port flux-switching Permanent Magnet brushless (DMP-FSPMBL) motor is proposed, which is integrated with dual-mechanical-port motor. The theoretical analysis and experimental research of the motor are carried out systematically. The main contents are as follows: 1. High power density, The design concept of high-efficiency stator permanent magnet type FSPM motor is integrated into the dual-mechanical-port motor, and a novel structure DMP-FSPMBL motor is proposed. On the basis of explaining the basic structure characteristics and operation principle of the motor, the power dimension equation of the internal and external motor is established. The pole-slot ratio of the internal and external motor, the topological structure of the permanent magnet, the number of winding turns, and the rated phase current of the motor are given. In addition, the magnetic coupling characteristics between internal and external motors are qualitatively analyzed by magnetic circuit method, and the design method of stator magnetic barrier is adopted to reduce the magnetic coupling between internal and external motors. 2. The design idea of optimal power distribution between internal and external motors is introduced into the design of DMP-FSPMBL motors to design the motor system. Magnetic load and electric load are considered as comprehensive constraints, and the optimal split ratio of the internal and external motor is explored and proposed under the constraints of structure size and total power of the motor. The response surface method and the multi-objective genetic algorithm are used to optimize the different sensitive layers, and the comprehensive tradeoff and performance optimization among the design objectives of "output torque", "torque ripple" and "internal and external motor magnetic coupling degree" are achieved. In order to solve the problem of fast and efficient design of permanent magnet motors with complex structures, an effective design method is provided. 4. Electromagnetic properties of DMP-FSPMBL motors, such as back EMF, positioning torque, inductance, torque, torque ripple and magnetic coupling characteristics, are evaluated and analyzed in detail by finite element method. The rationality of the motor structure and the effectiveness of the multi-objective optimization design method are preliminarily verified. In addition, the operating efficiency MAP of the internal and external motors and the MAP characteristics of different operating current angles are studied. It is revealed that the DMP-FSPMBL motor has the potential ability to operate efficiently and reliably in a wide speed range. 5. The DMP-FSPMBL is electrified. The brushless electromagnetic hybrid power system with compact structure and high power integration is constructed by combining the engine with the non-contact permanent magnet planetary gear magnetic transmission components. The mathematical model of the hybrid power system is established, and the various driving modes of the hybrid power system under complex operating conditions are preliminarily analyzed. 6. The vehicle simulation model based on DMP-FSPMBL motor hybrid system is established, and the driving control strategy of "pure electric priority" is studied. The basic performance of the system under multi-mode drive is studied, and the motor and vehicle under NEDC are analyzed. The prototype DMP-FSPMBL is manufactured and the simulation experiment platform of hybrid power system is built. The basic performance of the motor and the variable-speed variable-load characteristic of hybrid power system under various driving modes are tested and evaluated comprehensively. The validity and correctness of the DMP-FSPMBL motor and the corresponding hybrid system are verified. The hybrid system based on DMP-FSPMBL motor has the ability of multi-mode drive operation, which provides theoretical support and experimental basis for its potential application in hybrid electric vehicle.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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