基于磁定位检测技术的电动汽车动态无线供电系统控制研究

发布时间：2018-09-14 15:03

【摘要】：动态无线充电技术是解决电动汽车车体笨重、续航时间短和充电困难等问题的有效办法,其中电动汽车的定位和发射线圈开关的实时控制及系统状态监测是该技术的重要组成部分。本文在充分调研电动汽车无线充电技术发展现状的基础上,简要分析了动态无线充电的基本原理,分别从地面设备和车载设备两方面介绍了电动汽车动态无线充电系统的基本结构。在地面设备系统中,除高频电源外,还包括一系列沿电动汽车行驶路面铺设的分立发射线圈。这些线圈相当于向电动汽车直接供电的电源,所谓动态,就是要实时开通和关断电动汽车所处位置前后的发射线圈。电动汽车的定位检测是实现动态无线充电的难点之一,文中列举了当前几种可实现车辆定位的技术,经过对比选择了磁定位检测技术。以磁钉和磁阻传感器作为核心元件,分析了磁钉的磁场分布特点以及磁阻传感器的基本原理,完成了元件选型和信号调理电路设计。在软件方面,设计了横/纵向磁场匹配定位算法和发射线圈投切开关的控制算法。为了实现发射线圈开关状态和电源状态的监控,设计了电动汽车动态无线充电状态监控界面。本文利用MATLAB/Simulink仿真验证了发射线圈切换控制对系统稳定性的影响。最后将磁定位检测系统应用于电动汽车动态无线充电系统演示平台,进行了联调实验,初步达到了系统的设计要求。
[Abstract]:Dynamic wireless charging technology is an effective way to solve the problems of heavy body, short life and difficult charging of electric vehicle. The position of electric vehicle, the real-time control of launch coil switch and system condition monitoring are important parts of this technology. Based on the investigation of the development of wireless charging technology for electric vehicles, the basic principle of dynamic wireless charging is briefly analyzed in this paper. This paper introduces the basic structure of dynamic wireless charging system of electric vehicle from ground equipment and vehicle equipment respectively. In the ground equipment system, in addition to the high frequency power supply, there are also a series of discrete emission coils laid along the road surface of electric vehicles. These coils are equivalent to direct power supply to electric vehicles, so-called dynamic, which is to turn on and off the launching coils before and after the position of the electric vehicles in real time. The location detection of electric vehicle is one of the difficulties in realizing dynamic wireless charging. In this paper, several technologies that can realize vehicle positioning are listed, and magnetic location detection technology is compared and selected. Based on the magnetic nail and magnetoresistive sensor, the magnetic field distribution characteristics of the magnetic nail and the basic principle of the magnetoresistive sensor are analyzed, and the selection of the components and the design of the signal conditioning circuit are completed. In the aspect of software, the transverse / longitudinal magnetic field matching algorithm and the control algorithm are designed. In order to monitor the switching state and power state of the transmitting coil, the dynamic wireless charging state monitoring interface for electric vehicle is designed. In this paper, the MATLAB/Simulink simulation is used to verify the effect of the switching control of the transmitting coil on the stability of the system. Finally, the magnetic location detection system is applied to the demonstration platform of the dynamic wireless charging system of electric vehicle, and the combined adjustment experiment is carried out, which preliminarily meets the design requirements of the system.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM724;TM910.6

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