光伏组件强化空冷装置实验平台设计与散热特性分析

发布时间：2018-09-16 19:58

【摘要】：目前对太阳能的利用主要方式为光热及光伏两种。在光伏应中,太阳能电池的光电转换效率随着环境温度升高而降低。针对太阳能电池散热问题,国内外学者对此提出了不同的降温方案。本文根据环境温度与太阳能辐射强度的随动关系(即高环境温度伴随强太阳辐照度出现),提出了一种基于太阳能烟囱效应的光伏组件强化空冷散热装置。在提出强化散热装置的设计方案基础上,采用有限元分析软件Ansys建立了系统散热性能的预测模型。利用所建模型,对强化空冷散热装置进行了结构优化分析。为验证新型光伏组件强化空冷散热装置的实用性与所建模型的预测精度,搭建了对比实验平台,并基于当地侧风极限强度,对所搭建的实验平台进行了风载静力学分析,确保其在侧风条件下的结构稳定性。随后,根据所需实验数据完成了测试系统的构建,包括各类传感器选型安装、人机界面设计、上下位机通讯等。其中,采用TAM-18B20-8L数字采集模块与KLM-4118电流采集模块实现了各观察点传感器采集数据的集中,使用Visual Basic图像化编程软件完成了人机通讯界面的开发,采用串口通信方式实现了对各类传感器采集数据的实时检测。开展实验研究,利用实验数据验证了前期所建强化散热装置性能预测模型的预测精度,并以此模型为研究基础分析了环境温度与太阳能辐照度对散热装置散热性能的影响,结果表明,基于太阳能烟囱效应的强化空冷散热装置可将光伏组件的温度较降低10度,有效提高了光伏组件的光电转换效率及使用寿命。
[Abstract]:At present, the main ways to use solar energy are photothermal and photovoltaic. In photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic conversion efficiency decreases with the increase of ambient temperature. Aiming at the problem of solar cell heat dissipation, scholars at home and abroad put forward different cooling schemes. According to the relationship between ambient temperature and solar radiation intensity (that is, high ambient temperature accompanied by strong solar irradiance), a photovoltaic module based on solar chimney effect to enhance air-cooling heat dissipation device is proposed in this paper. On the basis of the design scheme of the enhanced heat dissipation device, the prediction model of the heat dissipation performance of the system is established by using the finite element analysis software Ansys. Using the model, the structure optimization analysis of the enhanced air cooling heat dissipation device is carried out. In order to verify the practicability of the new photovoltaic module enhanced air-cooled heat dissipation device and the prediction accuracy of the model, a comparative experimental platform was set up. Based on the limit strength of the local crosswind, the wind load static analysis of the experimental platform was carried out. To ensure the stability of the structure under crosswind conditions. Then, according to the required experimental data, the test system is constructed, including all kinds of sensor selection and installation, man-machine interface design, communication between upper and lower computer, etc. Among them, the TAM-18B20-8L digital acquisition module and the KLM-4118 current acquisition module are used to realize the data collection of the sensors at the observation points, and the man-machine communication interface is developed by using the Visual Basic image-based programming software. The method of serial port communication is used to realize the real-time detection of the data collected by all kinds of sensors. The experimental research was carried out, and the prediction accuracy of the performance prediction model of the pre-built enhanced heat dissipation device was verified by using the experimental data. Based on the model, the effects of environmental temperature and solar irradiance on the heat dissipation performance of the heat dissipation device were analyzed. The results show that the enhanced air-cooled heat dissipation device based on the solar chimney effect can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module by 10 degrees and effectively improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic module.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM914.4

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