社区和家庭能源中心运行优化策略

发布时间：2018-10-09 08:57

【摘要】：新能源技术和信息技术的进步可以改变能源利用方式,促进多种一次能源与电能及各类终端能源在由多个能源网络组成的复杂系统中深度融合,推动社会与环境可持续发展。能源中心是多能源系统建模和分析的重要概念,并且随着能源利用技术的进步,能源中心的能量管理受到了广泛关注。家庭耗能在能源需求侧占有相当大的比重。在此背景下,首先建立了以微型冷热电联产(micro Combined Cooling,Heating and Power,mCCHP)作为能源转化装置的家庭能源中心(Home Energy Hub,HEH)的数学模型。其次,针对不同类型家庭电负荷的特性,将其细分为温度控制型电负荷、刚性电负荷、柔性电负荷,并发展了多类型电负荷的数学模型。接着,进一步将能源中心热负荷细分为热水负荷、空气制热/制冷负荷和电气可转换负荷,并建立了多类型热负荷模型。之后,引入温度舒适度和用电舒适度概念并用于指导HEH的温度控制和柔性电负荷控制。在此基础上,建立了以能源购买费用最小为目标,计及温度舒适度和用电舒适度的HEH混合整数线性规划模型。最后,以某家庭用户在冬季和夏季的典型日为例说明了所提方法的基本特征。近年来,在居民侧实施热电联产和供热电气化受到了广泛关注。居民小区主要能源需求为电能和热能,主要能源输入为电能和天然气,可以采用能源中心概念来描述居民小区能源需求与能源输入间的耦合关系。在此背景下,首先构建了以热电联产和热泵作为能源转化装置的居民小区能源中心架构。然后,发展了居民小区能源中心内部优化运行的确定性模型,并将电动汽车集群负荷作为可控电负荷参与优化运行。考虑到居民小区的能源需求具有不确定性,且能源中心决策者制定调度策略时对风险的偏好也未必相同,为获得风险厌恶型决策者和风险偏好型决策者的调度策略,引入了信息间隙决策理论建立鲁棒优化模型和机会获利模型,进而建立了居民小区能源中心混合整数线性规划模型,并采用CPLEX求解。最后,以某居民小区为例来说明所发展的模型与方法的基本特征。在电力市场环境下,需适当考虑市场电价不确定性对能源中心调度策略的影响。为此,构建了考虑电价不确定性的能源中心鲁棒优化模型,并采用高效商业求解器AMPL/CPLEX求解。采用所发展的优化模型,可以在给定的经济风险水平下合理制定能源中心在次日各交易时段的交易计划。最后对本论文中所作的初步研究进行了总结,并指出了该领域有待进一步深入研究的方向。
[Abstract]:The progress of new energy technology and information technology can change the way of energy utilization, promote the deep integration of multiple primary energy, electric energy and all kinds of terminal energy in the complex system composed of multiple energy networks, and promote the sustainable development of society and environment. Energy center is an important concept of multi-energy system modeling and analysis, and with the development of energy utilization technology, energy management of energy center has been paid more and more attention. Household energy consumption accounts for a large proportion on the energy demand side. Under this background, the mathematical model of the household energy center (Home Energy Hub,HEH), which uses (micro Combined Cooling,Heating and Power,mCCHP as the energy conversion device, is first established. Secondly, according to the characteristics of different types of household electric load, it is subdivided into temperature controlled electric load, rigid electric load and flexible electric load, and the mathematical model of multi-type electric load is developed. Then, the heat load of energy center is further divided into hot water load, air heating / refrigeration load and electric transferable load, and a multi-type heat load model is established. Then, the concepts of temperature comfort and electric comfort are introduced and used to guide HEH temperature control and flexible electric load control. On this basis, a HEH mixed integer linear programming model is established, which takes the minimum energy purchase cost as the goal and takes temperature comfort and electrical comfort into account. Finally, a typical day of a household user in winter and summer is taken as an example to illustrate the basic characteristics of the proposed method. In recent years, the implementation of cogeneration and heating electrification on the residential side has received extensive attention. The main energy demand of residential area is electric energy and heat energy, and the main energy input is electric energy and natural gas. The concept of energy center can be used to describe the coupling relationship between energy demand and energy input. Under this background, firstly, the energy center architecture of residential district with heat and power cogeneration and heat pump as energy conversion device is constructed. Then, the deterministic model of optimal operation in the energy center of residential district is developed, and the electric vehicle cluster load is taken as the controllable electric load to participate in the optimal operation. Considering that the energy demand of residential area is uncertain and the risk preference of energy center decision-makers is not necessarily the same when making scheduling policy, the scheduling strategy of risk-averse decision makers and risk preference decision makers is obtained. The information gap decision theory is introduced to establish the robust optimization model and the opportunity profit model, and then the mixed integer linear programming model of energy center in residential area is established and solved by CPLEX. Finally, take a residential area as an example to illustrate the basic characteristics of the developed models and methods. In the electricity market environment, the influence of the market price uncertainty on the energy center dispatching strategy should be considered. For this reason, a robust optimization model of energy center considering the uncertainty of electricity price is constructed, and the efficient commercial solver AMPL/CPLEX is used to solve the model. By using the developed optimization model, the trading plan of the energy center in each trading period of the next day can be reasonably formulated under the given economic risk level. Finally, the preliminary research in this paper is summarized, and the direction of further research in this field is pointed out.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TK01;TM73

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