基于DSP的混合型无功补偿装置的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-10-18 17:44

【摘要】：伴随着科技的发展,大量的用电设备给人们的生产生活带来方便同时,随之而来的是大量的无功功率的出现。进入新世纪,用电系统中大量的电力电子器件的使用,对于用电质量的要求也是越来越高。无功功率的存在致使电压的稳定性降低,电网的功率因数降低,严重影响到人们日常的生产活动,所以无功公功率的补偿对于改善用电质量有着很重要的意义,另一方面无功功率的减少,相应的用电消耗也在减少,经过用电设备的电流得到减小不论从经济角度还是绿色环保的角度都有着积极的意义。TSC(晶闸管投切电容器)作为容量较大,经济成本较低的补偿方式,其缺点主要为只能吸收感性无功,另一方面不能够精细的补偿,补偿的最小余量受到电容大小的影响。STATCOM (静止同步补偿器)反应速度快,可以实现对无功功率的连续补偿,并且可以对容性、感性的无功功率进行补偿,但其控制复杂,大容量的STATCOM设备制造成本居高不下。基于此本文结合了两种设备的优点,提出了 STATCOM+TSC的混合型无功补偿的设计方案。在对STATCOM和TSC的基本原理进行深入分析的基础上,并针对本设计进行了适合的选型。对于无功电流的检测方面,对比了傅里叶无功功率算法、p-q无功功率算法、ip-iq无功功率算法,分析了各自的特点,针对本设计选择了合适的无功功率算法。对STATCOM进行建模分析,在合适的电流控制算法下对混合系统的整体控制进行理论上的分析。为了验证理论的可靠性,借助simulink搭建了仿真系统,来验证设计的合理性和可行性。对于系统的控制核心DSP进行研究,围绕DSP设计了配套的采样电路与调理电路,给出了程序的设计流程,并在配套的软件下编写适合本设计的程序,借助仿真器来不断的调试和改善程序。应用DSP作为混合系统的控制核心,结合硬件与软件的设计,搭建了补偿容量为±30kvar的STATCOM和补偿容量为30kvar的三组TSC装置,并进行并网实验,在实验的环境下,证明本系统可以实现对无功功率的实时补偿,动态响应要求和补偿效果都满足设计要求。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, a large number of electrical equipment to bring convenience to people's production and life, followed by the emergence of a large number of reactive power. In the new century, the use of a large number of power electronic devices in the power system, the demand for the quality of power is becoming higher and higher. The existence of reactive power reduces the stability of voltage and the power factor of power network, which seriously affects the daily production activities of people, so the compensation of reactive power is of great significance to improve the quality of power consumption. On the other hand, with the reduction of reactive power, the corresponding consumption of electricity is also decreasing. The reduction of the current of the electric equipment has positive significance both from the economic point of view and from the point of view of green environmental protection) as the compensation method of larger capacity and lower economic cost, the. TSC (thyristor switch capacitor. The main drawback is that it can only absorb inductive reactive power, on the other hand, it can not be compensated finely. The minimum allowance of compensation is affected by capacitance. (. STATCOM (static synchronous compensator) has fast reaction speed and can realize the continuous compensation of reactive power. The capacitive and inductive reactive power can be compensated, but its control is complex and the manufacturing cost of large capacity STATCOM equipment is high. Based on the advantages of two kinds of equipment, the design scheme of hybrid reactive power compensation based on STATCOM TSC is proposed in this paper. Based on the deep analysis of the basic principles of STATCOM and TSC, the suitable selection of the design is carried out. For reactive current detection, Fourier reactive power algorithm, p-q reactive power algorithm and ip-iq reactive power algorithm are compared, their characteristics are analyzed, and appropriate reactive power algorithm is selected for the design. The modeling and analysis of STATCOM are carried out, and the whole control of hybrid system is theoretically analyzed under the appropriate current control algorithm. In order to verify the reliability of the theory, a simulation system is built with simulink to verify the rationality and feasibility of the design. This paper studies the control core of the system DSP, designs the matching sampling circuit and conditioning circuit around DSP, gives the design flow of the program, and writes the program suitable for this design under the matching software. With the help of emulators to constantly debug and improve the program. Using DSP as the control core of hybrid system and combining the design of hardware and software, three groups of TSC devices with compensation capacity of 卤30kvar and compensation capacity of 30kvar are built. It is proved that the system can realize the real-time reactive power compensation, and the dynamic response and compensation effect can meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM761.12

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